CHEST PAIN Flashcards
Top priority in patients presenting with chest pain
Exclude and treat promptly cardiac and noncardiac causes
Chest pain is a common complaint and must be treated as a medical emergency T/F
True
Common cardiac causes of chest pain
Stable angina
Acute coronary syndrome
Pericarditis
Non-cardiac causes of chest pain
PUD
GERD
Pulmonary embolism
Oesophageal spasm
Pleural effusion
Pneumonia
Causes of chest pain associated with shock, pallor, sweating
Myocardial infarction
Dissecting aneurysm
Pulmonary embolism
Other causes of chest pain
Aortic dissection
Valvular disorderes
Coronary spasm
Acute chest syndrome in SCD
Hiatus hernia
Oesophageal tear with mediastinitis
Biliary tract disease
Costochondritis
Nerve root compression
Cardiac neurosis/ DaCosta’s syndrome
Herpes zoster
What factors relieve pain in myocardial ischemia
Rest and nitrates
Nature, site and radiation of chest pain in myocardial ischemia
Crushing, tight, heavy or band-like
Central anterior chest
Radiates to the throat, jaws, arms or nowhere
Low BP associated with chest pain is an indication of……
Cardiogenic shock
BP difference of >30mmHg between arms suggests……..
Aortic dissection
Murmurs associated with chest pain is seen in……
Valvular heart disease
Causes of chest pain associated with pericardial
Pericarditis
Causes of chest pain associated with unequal chest expansion
Pneumonia
Pneumothorax
Breath sounds are increased in pneumothorax T/F
False
Causes of chest pain associated with pleural rub
Pneumonia
Pulmonary embolism
Causes of chest pain associated with epigastric or abdominal tenderness
PUD
Causes of chest pain associated with guarding
Perforated ulcer
Peritonitis
Causes of chest pain associated with reduced bowel sounds
Paralytic ileus
Causes of chest pain associated with chest wall tenderness
Musculoskeletal cause
Treatment objectives in chest pain
Symptomatic relief of chest pain
Reassurance to minimise anxiety
Treatment of undelrying cause
