DYSLIPIDEMIA Flashcards
Primary target for Intervention in dyslipidemia
LDL
Primary target for Intervention in dyslipidemia
LDL
Since treatment for dyslipidemia is life long, there should be periodic monitoring of these parameters to forestall medication related side effects
Liver and muscle enzymes ( transaminases and creatine kinase)
Blood glucose
Causes of dyslipidemia
High intake of saturated fats
Lack of physical activity
Metabolic syndrome
Hereditary factors
Excessive alcohol intake
Hypothyroidism
Neohrotic syndrome
Causes of dyslipidemia
High intake of saturated fats
Lack of physical activity
Metabolic syndrome
Hereditary factors
Excessive alcohol intake
Hypothyroidism
Neohrotic syndrome
Which form of dyslipidemia will present with abdominal pain
Hypertriglyceridemia due to pancreatitis
Which form of dyslipidemia will present with abdominal pain
Hypertriglyceridemia due to pancreatitis
Corneal arcus
Whitish rings around the cornea
Xanthelasmata
Yellow skin eruptions around the eyes
Lipaemic blood
Whitish blood sample
Signs of dyslipidemia
Corneal arcus
Xanthelasmata
Lipaemic blood
Investigations in dyslipidemia
Fasting lipid profile
Thyroid function test
Plasma protein
Urine protein
Purpose of investigating plasma protein and urine protein in dyslipidemia
Exclude nephrotic syndrome
When is it necessary to do a thyroid function test in dyslipidemia
When lipids are very high
Treatment objectives in dyslipidemia
To reduce risk of ASCVD events and related deaths in healthy individuals and those who have suffered a CVD event
To reduce LDL-C to target
LDL-C target in primary prevention individuals 21 years or older with untreated LDL of 4.9mmol/l or more
At least a 50% reduction
LDL-C target for primary prevention in individuals 40 to 75 years either diabetes and an untreated LDL of 1.8 to 4.9mmol/L
30 to 49% reduction in LDL
LDL target in secondary prevention
Less than 1.8mmol/L
Non-pharmacological interventions in dyslipidemia
Dietary modifications
Weight reduction
Reduction in alcohol
Regular physical activity
Dyslipidemia Pharmacological treatment: Low CVD - primary prevention
Simvastatin 10 to 20mg daily
Dyslipidemia pharmacological management
Moderate CV risk (diabetes and CVD risk equivalent)
Atorvastatin 10-20mg daily
Or
Rosuvastatin 5-10mg daily
Or
Simvastatin 20-40mg daily
Dyslipidemia pharmacological management
Moderate CV risk (diabetes and CVD risk equivalent)
Atorvastatin 10-20mg daily
Or
Rosuvastatin 5-10mg daily
Or
Simvastatin 20-40mg daily
Dyslipidemia management in high CVD risk patients eg: secondary prevention
Atorvastatin 40-80mg daily
Or
Rosuvastatin 20-40mg daily
Referral criteria for dyslipidemia
Patient who remains outside target values despite adequate dietary, exercise and medication therapy
