COMMON COLD

Question 1

Causes of common cold

Answer 1

Rhinovirus
Corona viruses
Respiratory synctival virus

Question 2

Symptoms of cold

Answer 2

Runny nose (rhinorrhea)
Sneezing
Nasal congestion
Mild fever
Headaches
Sore throat
Muscle aches
Cough
Fatigue
Malaise

Question 3

Signs of common cold

Answer 3

Low grade fever
Nasal discharge
Nasal mucosa reddening
Watering of eyes

Question 4

Non-pharmacological treatment in common cold

Answer 4

Rest
Encourage adequate fluid intake
Gargle lukewarm salt solution
Steam inhalation

Question 13

Dose of paracetamol

Answer 13

Paracetamol, oral,
Adults
500-1g 6-8 hourly
Children
10-15 mg/kg/dose 6-8 hourly
6-12 years; 250-500 mg 6-8 hourly
1-5 years; 120-250 mg 6-8 hourly

Question 13

Pharmacological management of common cold

Answer 13

Paracetamol
and
Saline nasal drops or Xylometazoline
and
Cetirizine or Chlorpheniramine maleate

Question 13

Saline nasal drops administration

Answer 13

Sodium Chloride 0.9%, nasal drops,
Adult and Children
2 drops, into each nostril, 4 hourly to relieve congestion as necessary

Question 14

Xylometazoline administration regimen

Answer 14

Xylometazoline, nasal,
Adults (0.1% preparation)
1-2 drops 12 hourly into each nostril

Children (0.05% preparation)
> 3 months; 1-2 drops 12 hourly into each nostril

Question 14

Cetirizine dosage regimen in cold

Answer 14

Cetirizine, oral,
Adults
10 mg daily
Children
> 12 years; 10 mg daily
6-12 years; 5 mg daily
2-6 years; 2.5 mg daily

Question 15

Chlorpheniramine dose in cold treatment

Answer 15

Chlorpheniramine maleate, oral,
Adult
4 mg 12 hourly
Children
6-12 years; 2 mg 6-12 hourly daily (max. 12 mg daily)
2-6 years; 1 mg 6-8 hourly (max. 6 mg daily)
1-2 years; not recommended