MAT - Textiles Flashcards
1
Q
any material made of interlacing fibers
A
Textile
2
Q
any material made through the various processes such as weaving, knitting, crocheting, or bonding
A
Fabric
3
Q
a finished piece of fabric that can be used for varying purposes such as a bedcover
A
Cloth
4
Q
fabric is evaluated according to how it is able to withstand wear pressure and/or damage due to friction; related to flexibility
A
Durability
5
Q
pertains to how well the fabric can carry its own weight without breaking; tensile strength
A
Tenacity
6
Q
fabric’s stretching ability; the fabric is tested as to what degree it can stretch without breaking
A
Elongation
7
Q
measured how well will the fabric absorb and/or retain moisture
A
Absorbency
8
Q
refers to fabric’s elasticity; fabric’s ability to return to its original shape after wear and tear
A
Resiliency
9
Q
a fine, hair-like strand that forms the basis of a yarn
A
Fiber
10
Q
short fibers, somewhat randomly arranged and loosely twisted; measure in cm or in
A
Staple Fibers
11
Q
long and continuous fibers; laid parallel to one another and tightly twisted to produce smooth, strong yarns; measured in m or yd
A
Filament Fibers
12
Q
formed by twisting fibers together to create a continuous strand
A
Yarn
13
Q
these are staple fibers twisted together
A
Spun Yarns
14
Q
bulked continuous filament (BCF); continuous strands made from either a spinneret-generated synthetic fiber or from silk
A
Filament Yarns
15
Q
kind of fibers that are from animals, plants, or mineral sources
A
Natural Fibers
16
Q
man-made and thoroughly modern, most having developed in the 20th century
A
Synthetic Fibers
17
Q
most widely used plant fiber; a vegetable or cellulosic fiber which comes from the balls of a plant that grown prolifically in warm climates
A
Cotton
18
Q
a processed version of cotton; made into cloth that resembles satin
A
Shiny Cotton
19
Q
a type of cotton wherein it is grown with no presence of synthetic fiber or chemical pesticides and fertilizers to meet certain standards
A
Organic Cotton
20
Q
a type of cotton where it is only washed with mild soap, and must not be bleached
A
Green Cotton
21
Q
cotton that has undergone carding; disentangles, cleans, and intermixes fibers to produce a sliver for processing
A
Carded Cotton
22
Q
cotton that has undergone a process for further refinement; separates the longer and desirable fibers from shorter ones, and straightens curls in the fibers, thus removing the finer impurities in the fiber
A
Combed Cotton
23
Q
aka “Mexican Cotton;” most widely planted species of cotton in the world; grown in the USA; 3rd best quality cotton in the market
A
Upland Cotton
24
Q
known to be superior to other cotton products; has fine and long fibers that are spun to create softer, silkier, and more durable cotton; examples are Supima and Egyptian Cotton
A
Long Staple Cotton
25
cotton originated in Peru; 2nd best quality of cotton in the world; it's often compared to Egyptian cotton
Pima Cotton
26
trademarked brand of Pima Cotton
Supima
27
the best cotton in the world; its better characteristic is its ability to absorb liquids, giving fabrics deeper, brighter, and more resistant colors
Egyptian Cotton
28
derived from a seed; taken from a seed pod of the Java kapok tree; used extensively for stuffing pillows and seat cushions; lightweight and non-absorbent; "poor man's cotton"
Kapok
29
the oldest fiber woven into fabric; grayish in color with a silky luster; reflects heat better than cotton and holds its color longer under strong light conditions
Flax
30
made from Flax, less soft and absorbent than cotton; does not lint; it wrinkles and creases easily; "gusot mayaman"
Linen
31
resembles flax, harsh, brittle, lints badly, and wrinkles easily; primarily used in carpets and linoleum backing
Jute
32
made from jute; excellent resistance to microorganisms and insects; the material used for coffee bags, and sacks of potatoes
Burlap
33
taken from the stems of a Cannabis Sativa plant; a popular fiber since it had many uses, it's strong, and it grows quickly
Hemp
34
aka "Abaca;" mainly grown in the Philippines; derived from the Musa textilis plant obtained from the outer layer of the leaf; used for weaving cloth and it is very resistant to damage from saltwater
Manila Hemp
35
sometimes called "China Grass;" an inexpensive fiber from an East Asian plant often used as a substitute for flax; extremely absorbent and dries quickly, 3-5 times stronger than cotton and twice as strong as flax
Ramie
36
discovered that latex could be extruded into fiber; highly elastic, flexible, and impermeable to water and air
Natural Rubber
37
made from abaca; stronger than Pina, and is generally used for formal setting or occasions
Jusi
38
made from the leaves of the Pineapple plant; lightweight, easy to care for, and has an elegant appearance similar to linen; used to make Barong Tagalog
Pina
39
sheared from domesticated animals, primarily sheep; exceptional resiliency and elasticity; excellent fiber for use in carpets; slowly burns down and is self-extinguishing
Wool
40
comes from Merino sheep; finer, or thinner than the average wool; softer, less itchy, and more flexible
Merino Wool
41
comes from Shetland sheep; have the gloss and softness of silk; strength of cotton, the whiteness of linen, and warmth of wool; thicker than merino
Shetland Wool
42
finest and softest fleece and it comes from a lamb's first shearing; smooth, strong, and flexible, and doesn't require much processing
Lambswool
43
grade of wool that has not yet been processed
Virgin Wool
44
a regular grade of wool, which may include reclaimed scraps from knits, broken threads, and other sources
Ordinary Wool
45
grade of wool that are felted scraps and then reused
Recycled Wool
46
a high-quality grade of wool yarn, named after the small English village of Worsted; stronger, finer, and smoother grade of wool; very resilient and easily returns to its original shape
Worsted Wool
47
came from camel, goat, mohair, alpaca, llama, vicuna (rarest), and horsehair
Hair
48
obtained from the soft undercoats of the lowly Kashmiri goat; initially defined as wool but its finer, stronger, lighter, and softer, approximately 3x more insulating than sheep's wool
Cashmere
49
a fine type of Cashmere; from the undercoat of Himalayan Mountain Goats; finer, thinner, therefore ideal for making lightweight apparel such as scarves
Pashmina
50
aka "king of wools;" "ring scarf;" came from the hair of a Tibetan antelope known as "chiru;" finer than human hair, warm enough even to hatch a pigeon's egg
Shahtoosh
51
aka "diamond fiber;" sild-like fabric or yarn made from the hair of the Angora Goat; durable, resilient, and notable for its high luster and sheen, naturally elastic, flame resistant, and crease resistant
Mohair
52
most beautiful of all fibers due to its marvelous, natural luster; comes from the cocoons of silkworms; wrinkle resistant than the natural cellulosic fibers
Silk
53
finest cultured grade of silk; made from the longest filaments
Organzine or Thrown Silk
54
a grade of silk that uses shorter strands and has less luster and sheen
Tram, Spunsilk, or Bourette
55
a grade of silk that is made by wild, uncultured silkworms; naturally tan in color, cannot be bleached, and has a rougher texture
Tussah
56
a grade of silk that came from 2 silkworms; uneven like linen, irregular, and larger than regular filaments
Duppion/Dupioni
57
a grade of silk that is produced from cocoons of Thai silkworms; the finest fabric in the world
Thai Silk
58
mineral with fluffy strands which are generally combined with cotton to produce a textile; no longer legal due to it being associated with lung cancer and other diseases
Asbestos
59
threads of gold, silver, or copper often woven into filmy casements or wall hangings
Metal Fibers
60
aka "poor man's silk;" first synthetic fiber; derived from the pithy sections of plant stalks; frequently blended with cotton or wool
Rayon
61
developed by Celenese Corp.; compound cellulose acetate (a derivative of cellulose); flexible, resulting in a fabric with excellent draping qualities; a thermoplastic fiber easily damaged by heat and easily wrinkled
Acetate
62
developed by Celenese Corp.; pure cellulose acetate; a fiber of greater stability and abrasion resistance; shrink resistant, maintains a crisp finish thus permanent pleats can be set in ____________
Triacetate
63
developed by E.I. Dupont de Nemours and Co.; elements of petroleum, natural gas, air, and water; strongest of all fibers, highly elastic with good elongation and recovery properties; great strength, high resiliency, and good abrasion resistance
Nylon
64
developed by DuPont Co.; under the trade name "Orion;" derived from elements of cola, air, water, petroleum, and limestone; resistant to sunlight, and oil-borne and air-borne dirt
Acrylic
65
developed by Union Carbide; derived from elements of natural gas, coal, air, salt, and water; easily dyed: washable; resistant to acids and alkalis
Modacrylic
66
developed by Hercules Inc.; a by-product of petroleum; relatively expensive and popular for use as a carpet fiber
Olefins
67
first olefin fiber to reach commercial importance; used as upholstery for airplane seats; does not absorb moisture or air-borne dirt
Polyethylene
68
the most widely used olefin fiber is ___________
Polypropylene
69
research by DuPont; derivative of coal, air, water, and petroleum; resistance to air-borne and oil-borne dirt, low moisture absorbency; usually made into fine voile-like casement fabrics knitted into upholstery-weight
Polyester
70
inherently resistant to flame, strong, and does not absorb moisture; best used as drapery or casement cloth
Glass Fiber
71
Owens-Coming's tradename for it glass fiber product is called ____________
Fiberglas
72
make-up similar to Nylon; does not shrink; resembles silk in luster, weight, color, feel, and drapability
Polynude Nylon
73
outdoor furniture upholstery and screening; unaffected by sunlight, easy-to-care, wrinkle resistant, and abrasion resistant
Saran
74
introduced by DuPont; elastomeric fiber that can be repeatedly stretched over 500% without breaking; bounces back without sag, whether on a warp, fill, or bias direction
Spandex
75
marketed under the trade names "Nomex," and "Kevlar;" alkalis, acids, and solvents have virtually no effect on them
Aramids
76
a high-temperature resistant fiber used mostly in apparel such as firefighters' clothing and space suits
Nomex
77
a high-temperature resistant fiber that is strong, stronger than comparably sized steel; used in bullet-resistant vests
Kevlar
78
a synthetic fiber that is very fine, smaller than the diameter of a strand of silk, about 1/5 diameter of a human hair; used to make mats, knits, and weaves for apparel
Microfibers
79
a method by matting together of fibers to form a web by moisture, pressure, and heat
Felting
80
a method which produced originally in sheet forms through a wide die, forming in molds, or rolling between rollers; finished product in varied forms: thick and opaque, leather-like, suede-like softness
Films
81
a method that utilizes machinery wherein blunt rods or needles are used to form a single continuous yarn into a series of interlocking loops
Knitting
82
old english word for knitting
Cnytton
83
first knitting machine was constructed by an Englishman named ____________
Reverend William Lee
84
horizontal rows of stitches in a knit are called ___________
Courses
85
vertical rows of stitches in a knit are called ___________
Wales
86
produces a smooth-face material; used in making fine, thin. or sheer fabrics
Plain Stitches
87
produces lines of wales on both sides causing the fabric to be very elastic
Rib Stitches
88
formed by holding on loop on a needle while taking on one or more additional loops
Tuck Stitches
89
have successive courses of stitches drawn to opposite sides of the fabric making it very elastic in the lengthwise direction and quite elastic in the crosswise direction
Purl Stitches
90
made on a circular machine and produces a tubular fabric without seams
Circular Knit
91
made with two sets of needles to give a ribbed or corrugated surface to the fabric
Ribbed Fabric
92
fabric made by having the needles arranged in a straight line
Flat Outerware
93
fabric made on a machine with only one set of needles
Flat Underware
94
a fabric is knitted with a double stitch on a double needle frame to provide double thickness that is the same on both sides
Double Knit
95
special type of eight-lock knit cloth that has a smooth surface on both sides
Interlock Knit
96
plain stitch knitted fabric
Jersey
97
fabric produced by silver knitting; knitting both yarn and fibers into a fabric to provide an exceptionally deep pile effect
Knit Pile
98
known for its high gauge, lightweight, fine texture, and appeal in hand
Milanese Knitted
99
a knit fabric that has one kind of yarn on the face while another type is found on the back of the goods
Plated
100
a versatile fabric that can be made from every type of yarn of any type of fiber in any form
Rachel Knit
101
knitting on a single-needle machine; less body, substance, and stability than double knit
Single Knit
102
type of warp-knitted fabric that has a thin texture since it is made from fine yarn; taken from a Frech verb "tricoler" which means "to knit"
Tricot
103
a popular knit fabric with properties that are similar to woven velour
Velour
104
aka "plaiting;" interweaving or intertwining of three or more strands of yarn
Braiding
105
fabrics made by braiding natural plant fibers
Straws
106
fine, lightweight, expensive straw with a dull finish
Baku
107
fine, lightweight, glossy straws obtained from unopened palm leaf stems
Balibuntal
108
fine, braided straw, made from special wheat grown in Tuscany; has been cut, bleached, and worked by hand
Leghorn
109
a fine, closely braided straw
Milan
110
fine, hand-braided, creamy-colored Toquilla straw made primarily in Ecuador
Panama
111
a fine, yellow straw woven from the tops of bleached wheat stalks grown in Tuscany
Tuscan
112
intertwining and sometimes knotting of yarns that run in two or more directions; used to make nets, macrame (knotted) and laces
Twisting
113
interfacing of warp or float (lengthwise) and filling or weft (crosswise) yarns; usually at right angles on the loom, then turning them into cloth; an ancient textile art
Weaving
114
a device used to weave cloth; basic purpose is to hold the warp threads under tension to facilitate the interweaving of the weft threads
Loom
115
a type of floor loom that controls the warp threads using a device called "dobby"
Dobby Loom
116
mechanical loom invented by Joseph Marie Jacquard that simplifies the process of manufacturing textiles with complex patterns
Jacquard Loom
117
made by the simple interweaving of warp and weft threads, when each warp yarn passes over and then under the weft yarn
Plain Weave
118
one weft thread passes over each warp thread
Plain Single Weave
119
the weave is balanced in sequence or over and under so that warp and weft yarn has the same count per square inch
Regular Weave
120
warp and weft differ because of the different weights and textures of the yarn due to the fact that novelty yarns vary in appearance; aka "unbalanced weave"
Irregular Weave
121
two or more weft threads are interfaced into the same number of warp threads; when the weave is regular, it's called a "backed cloth"
Plain Double/Basket Weave
122
the weft yarn is heavier than the warp yarn with the result of a diagonal texture becoming more apparent
Rib Weave
123
each warp yarn passes over and then under the weft yarns as the plain weave, but the sequence is started slightly higher or lower on each successive yarn
Twill Weave
124
it emphasizes the continuous weft yarn; with as few interruptions of warp as possible; warp yarns skip 4-7 weft yarns
Satin Weave
125
refers to fabrics that are woven in such a way as to create loops or piles that stand out from the surface of the fabric
Pile Weaves
126
weaving one of the two sets of warp yarns into a plain weave to create a solid back while lifting the second set of warp yarns
Velvet Pile
127
same process as velvet pile; except that the lifted yarns remain uncut
Frise
128
a decorative fabric made by weaving colored weft threads alternatively over and under the warp threads to form a pictorial or ornamental design
Tapestry
129
pattern weave is in which extra warp and weft yarns are added to the fabric during the weaving
Extra Warp and Weft Pattern
130
a pattern weave that accounts for many of the durable and beautiful fabrics used today were known to the Peruvians
Double-Cloth Weaves
131
loose weave in which the warp threads are wound in half twists around each other and around a filler yarn
Leno
132
warp threads maintain the same position in relation to the weft
Gauze
133
are weaves in which uneven tension in either weft or warp yarns produces an uneven surface effect
Tension and Texture-Related Weaves
134
fabrics that have not undergone finishes and are not ready for consumer use
Grey of Greige Goods
135
defined as a process done to fabrics, sometimes to fibers and yarns, causing them to change in appearance, texture, and performance
Fabric Finishes
136
a kind of finish that lasts until the fabric is washed or dry-cleaned
Temporary Finish
137
a kind of finish that lasts longer than temporary but it may become unsatisfactory with the passing of time
Durable Finish
138
a kind of finish that lasts until the garment is of service
Permanent Finish
139
common finishes applied to the majority of the fabrics produced
General Finish
140
a kind of finish that include those which affect the performance of the cloth; aka "functional finishes" because they give fabric special service feature which improves its properties and functions
Special Finishes
141
the common finishing process for linen; the fabric is hammered, and the yarns are flattened by the impact of wooden mallets
Beetling (Pinukpok)
142
makes the fabric white and impurities are removed through the use of chemicals such as peroxide or chlorine-bleaching compounds
Bleaching
143
done by passing the fabric between heavily heated steel rollers at a pressure of up to 2000 pounds per square inch
Calendering
144
a wool finishing process to prevent creases or other forms of uneven shrinkage in the latter stages of finishing
Crabbing
145
the finishing process improves the appearance, enhances the luster and hand of the material
Decating/Decatizing
146
the finish is usually done on cotton, rayon, or silk, wound on a perforated drum, between layers of a blanket, then steam passes through from the inside to the outside layers
Dry Decating Process
147
the finish wherein the cloth is wound on a roller and treated in a hot water or steam boiler which also has a vacuum system
Wet Decating Process
148
an important finish applied to wool fabrics; pre-shrinking process which involves the application of moisture, heat, friction, and pressure
Fulling
149
discovered by John Mercer; a very common finishing process for cotton, it is treated with a strong caustic soda under tension to increase its strength, reduce shrinkage and give it greater absorbency for dyes
Mercerizing
150
the finishing process is applied to fabrics for the purpose of removing the fuzz of protruding fibers
Singering or Gassing
151
another term for starching; filled with starch to increase strength, smoothness, stiffness, or weight of the fabric
Sizing or Dressing
152
fabrics as they go through the other processes, tend to pull out of shape and become irregular in width; it strengthens and restores the cloth to its proper dimensions
Tentering, Strentering, or Heat-Setting
153
a chemical treatment designed to make a fabric bacteria-resistant; "Sanitized" of Sanitized Inc. is a familiar tradename in the market today
Antiseptic Finish
154
a chemical treatment applied to synthetic fabrics to prevent the accumulation of static electricity
Anti-Static Finish
155
is a finish applied mostly on fabrics from such fibers as cotton, linen, ramie, and rayon; gives the fabrics quick recovery from creases and wrinkles
Crease-Resistant Finish
156
textile fabrics are made to be fire resistant, not fireproof; treated fabric for it does not catch flam or burn actively
Flame Retardant
157
aka "Insulated Finish;" makes a fabric suitable for either hot or cold weather
Heat-Reflectant Finish
158
chemical finish given mostly to rayon, cotton, and linen fabrics which are most susceptible to attack by mildew in moist and humid conditions or climates
Mildew-Resistant Finish
159
referred to as "moth-proofing finish;" a chemical finish especially for wool fabrics to make them resistant to attack by moths and carpet beetles
Moth-Resistant Finish
160
a mechanical finish of subjecting the surface of a fabric to a brushing process to raise the fiber ends thru creating a surface fuzziness
Napping
161
relaxation shrinkage is eliminated by overfeeding a fabric onto a dyeing frame and applying stretch in the crosswise direction
Shrink-Resistant Finish (Mechanical Method)
162
label or mark applied to cotton or linen fabrics indicates a mechanical shrink-resistant finish that has met standards of less than 1% shrinkage
Sanforized
163
this finish is given to loosely constructed fabrics or fabrics with low thread count; prevents the warp yarns from slipping along the filling yarns
Slip-Resistant Finish
164
these are chemical finishes usually given to rugs and upholstery fabrics to repel soil and stain; a compound called Silicone is used for this type of finish; fabric become water-repellent such that water-borne stains cannot penetrate
Soil and Stain-Resistant Finish
165
aka "drip-dry finish;" the same type as crease-resistant finish; fabrics will dry smoothly and need little or no ironing after washing
Wash and Wear of Minicare Finish
166
a chemical finish that makes a fabric resistant to wetting but not waterproof; this finish permits a fabric to breathe, allowing the passage of air, water vapor, and perspiration through it
Water-Repellant Finish
167
unlike repellency, this finish totally coats the fabric thus closing the pores and enabling it to shed water under all pressures; fabrics do not breathe
Waterproof Finish
168
soluble substances which penetrates into the fabric and are fixed by chemical action, heat, or other treatment
Dyes
169
insoluble color particles which are held on the surface of a fabric by a binding agent
Pigment
170
colored water-soluble organic compounds, mainly salts of sulphuric acid; possesses great affinity for wool, silk/nylon and casein
Acid Dyes
171
the oldest among the artificial dyes; direct affinity for silk, wool, nylon, casein fiber, jute, and related fibers
Basic Dyes
172
these dyes form a very important group of coloring matters since they will color both protein and cellulosic fibers
Direct of Salt Dyes
173
formerly called "acetate dyes;" originally developed for acetate fibers; these dyes are now used for coloring acetate, polyester, and acrylic and nylon fibers
Disperse Dyes
174
these dyes are used for cotton, linen, and viscose rayon; color is developed by additional treatment, which also makes the dye fast to washing
Developed Dyes
175
these are water-soluble organic dyes which have affinity for cellulose in a alkaline bath; can be done in 2 ways: by padding, and by thermosol
Reactive Dyes
176
dyes that are used for cotton and viscose rayon; made by the reaction of sulfur with organic compounds; produce a wide range of rather dull colors and include a few blues, greens, maroons, oranges, and yellow
Sulphur Dyes
177
the fastest dye for cotton, linen, viscose and cuprammonium rayon; used for some man-made fibers with the use of a mordant
Vat Dyes
178
a method in dyeing fabrics where some of the man-made fibers may be dyed in a solution before filament is formed; excellent colorfastness
Solution Dye
179
a method in dyeing where the fibers are dyed before the yarns are spun and woven into the fabric
Fiber Dye (or Stock Dye)
180
a method in dyeing where yarns are dyed before they are woven into checks, plaids, stripes, or herringbone designs; use of yarn in the crosswise direction produces a changeable or iridescent effect
Yarn Dye
181
a method in dyeing where the cloth is dyed after fabrication; aka "dip-dyeing"
Piece Dye
182
a method in dyeing where the open fabric passes back and forth through a stationary dye bath
Jig Dyeing
183
a method in dyeing when a fabric is continuosly immersed without strain to the fabric
Winch, Reel, or Beck Dyeing
184
a method in dyeing when the fabric is run through the dye bath and then between rollers which squeeze the dye deeper into the yarns
Pad Dyeing
185
a method in dyeing when a fabric if two or more fibers is place in a dye bath contained two or more different dyes
Cross Dye
186
a method in dyeing when a fabric from one fiber is dyed in one color
Solid Dye
187
a method/technique in dyeing that mixes dyes for fabrics made from two or more fibers so that the fibers will dye the same color
Union Dye
188
these are made possible through 1. yarn type and arrangement, 2. weaves, knits, and variations; kind of yarns used in weaving or knitting the fabric may create design
Structural Designs
189
designs that are placed on the fabrics after they have been made can be classified into two 1. printing, 2. applied designs other than printing
Applied Designs
190
this is done to add colors and designs to the fabric surface, making the fabric more appealing to the consumers
Printing
191
the oldest method of printing design on fabrics; consists of carving the design on a wooden/rubber/or metal block, then color is applied on the block, then pressed down firmly by hand on the fabric
Block Printing
192
method of printing; the design is cut on cardboard, wood, or metal; Color is then applied, penetrating only the cut portions
Stencil Printing
193
acids are used in this type of printing; one of the fibers used in the fabric is burned, leaving a lacy or shear-and-heavy design
Burn-Out Printing
194
color is discharged or removed from the fabric, thus creating a design; chemicals are used to remove the colors; usually employed where a light design is required against a dark background
Discharge or Extract Printing
195
aka "cylinder printing;" can be considered the machine counterpart of hand-block printing
Roller Printing
196
creates a design, which appears on the face and back of the fabric, simulating a woven pattern; can be done through the use of a duplex machine or the roller printing machine
Duplex Printing
197
a resist paste is stamped on the fabric creating a design; then immersed in a dye bath leaving the design unaffected
Resist Printing
198
was first used in Indonesia, where the fabric is pile-spread with Paraffin or wax; the waxed areas remain in the original color, while the rest of the fabric adopts the color of the dye
Batik Printing
199
almost the same as developing a photograph; the fabric to be printed is covered with chemicals that are sensitive to light
Photo Printing
200
chemicals are used to produce the puckered design; fabric passes between roller which permit a caustic solution to contract certain areas of the fabric
Plisse Printing
201
these are printed, usually with the use of a roller, before they are woven into a fabric; fine white or neutral-colored filling yarns are used so that the design printed previously on the warp yarns; has a soft and somewhat vague effect
Warp Printing
202
another widely used method of fabric printing; is first drawn on silk, nylon, or metal screen, then a lacquer coating is applied to all parts of the screen on which the design does not appear; aka "silkscreen"
Screen Printing
203
it uses a cylindrical screen that rotates in a fixed position, as compared to screen printing which uses flat screens that are raised and lowered; a squeegee is placed within the cylindrical screen and is designed for roll-to-roll printing on fabric
Rotary Printing
204
process of transferring prints from pre-printed release papers to fabrics; the process is fast and is applicable to piece goods or volume yardages
Transfer Printing
205
the simplest method of fabric designing; put in fabric by painting the color directly on the cloth with the use of a brush
Free-Hand Painting
206
it is applying one piece of fabric to a larger piece of material; done in order to add depth, design or contrasting colors to the bigger material
Applique
207
raised design found on the surface of the fabric; with the use of special machines which presses the designs in the fabric while it is under conditions of heat, moisture, and steam
Embossed Designs
208
tiny pieces of fabric called "flocks" are made to stick to the fabric; the fabric is first printed with an adhesive after the flocks are dusted to it, making them adhere to the adhesive to form the design
Flocked Designs
209
cut out designs held to the fabric surface by the use of glue or an adhesive
Glued or Pasted Designs
210
often referred to as having a "watered appearance;" made possible through the use of a special machine that produces this effect; designed under conditions of heat, pressure, and moisture
Moire Design
