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ID REVIEW for Boards > FURN - MAT - Wood > Flashcards

FURN - MAT - Wood Flashcards

1
Q

most prevalent raw material for furniture industries; a unique and valuable medium taking advantage of the distinct and challenging qualities and characteristics

A

Wood

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2
Q

timber sawn or split in the form of beams, boards, joists, planks

A

Lumber

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3
Q

A classification of wood that are coniferous or cone-bearing tree.

A

Softwood

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4
Q

A classification of wood that are deciduous or broad-leafed trees

A

Hardwood

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5
Q

most expensive; for furniture and panelings, expensive flooring, door panels, stairs, and plywood veneer and facings

A

Narra

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6
Q

hardwood; used for posts and girders, or jambs attached to concrete; wooden decks: flooring and railings exposed to weather

A

Yacal and Guijo

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7
Q

softwood; for panelings, sidings, flooring and furniture; also for framing and trusses

A

Pine Benguet

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8
Q

most common lumber; for framing, joists, trusses, nailers

A

Tanguile (PH Mahogany) or Apitong

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9
Q

for framings, chests, jewel boxes

A

White and Red Lauan

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10
Q

hardwood for stair frames, chests, and jewel boxes

A

Kamagong

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11
Q

for panelings and plywood veneer

A

Dao

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12
Q

similar to pine; for paneling

A

Almaciga

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13
Q

light grayish-brown to reddish brown; striking grain figure and large open pores

A

Oak

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14
Q

creamy white to light reddish-brown; straight-grained and tiny wood. Bird’s Eye Pattern, special burl figures

A

Maple

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15
Q

light gray-brown too dark purple-brown; wide variety of plain and highly figured patterns

A

Walnut

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16
Q

cream color to light reddish-brown; visible resin canals and obvious growth rings

A

Pine

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17
Q

creamy white to light reddish-brown; extremely small pores

A

Birch

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18
Q

light to dark reddish-brown; straight grain and small individual pores

A

Cherry

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19
Q

hardwood; grayish creamy white through a reddish-dark brown; distinct straight grains and open pores

A

Ash

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20
Q

yellowish-brown through reddish brown to dark red; highly figured grain and open wood pores

A

Mahogany

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21
Q

hardwood; very light brown; distinct straight grain and open pores; commonly used as “bentwood”

A

Beech

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22
Q

light yellow to brownish-yellow with green tinge; even texture and straight grain pattern with barely visible pores

A

Poplar

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23
Q

tawny yellow to dark brown with frequent lighter and darker streaks; pattern very similar to walnut

A

Teak

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24
Q

creamy white to reddish-brown; occasional dark steaks and large wood pores

A

Pecan

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25
light brown to dark brown often containing shades of red; moderately hard and heavy
Elm
26
various shades of dark brown to dark purple; conspicuous dark streaks and large open wood pores
Rosewood
27
creamy white to yellowish with obvious differences between spring and summer growth
Fir
28
deep reddish-brown with obvious alternating spring and summer growth rings
Redwood
29
softwood; light red with light colored streaks running throughout; knotty pattern, and highly aromatic
Cedar
30
pale reddish-brown; obvious wide growth pattern and small wood pores
Sycamore
31
pale too dark brown with occasional red streaks running throughout; large open wood pores
Butternut
32
soft hardwood; creamy white too creamy brown with frequent reddish markings; faint growth rings and broad wood raise
Basswood
33
2 common methods of drying wood
1. Natural Drying or Air-Drying/Sun Drying 2. Kiln Drying
34
drying method of drying that allows air to circulate around the lumber
Natural Drying
35
drying method done in a dry kiln where lumber is artificially dried to the correct moisture content. used for more expensive lumber, required for more refined uses
Kiln Drying
36
3 types of surface wood
1. S1S - surfaced one side 2. S2S - surfaced two sides 3. S4S - surfaced four sides
37
the most common method of sawing lumber where it produces the highest quality of usable lumber
Plain Sawing
38
a method in sawing lumber when the sawyer cuts the log in quarters, then slices each quarter into boards
Quarter Sawing
39
a method of sawing lumber wherein it produces much wider boards than other methods; sometimes called “sawing through and through”
Live Saw
40
these are acquired defects occasioned by seasonal checks, insect and fungal attacks
Natural Defect
41
defects caused by incorrect sawing and seasoning
Artificial Defects
42
a natural defect wherein basal stumps of incipient or cast-off branches in the living tree
Knots
43
a type of knot that are 1/2 inches small (or under); caused by the shedding of early branches
Pin Knot
44
a type of knot that are sliced through their length during sawing; commonly known as “slash knots”
Spike or Spray Knot
45
these are dead knots which are still sound and difficult to dislodge, and often ringed with resin in softwood
Encased Knot
46
a type of knot that wherein two or three knots are springing from a common center
Branched Knot
47
a type of defect that both medullary ray and springwood cells of ring-porous hardwoods are weaker than the remainder; thus extensive splitting may occur in the weakest links
Shakes
48
a type of shake wherein the log splits from the other or heart radially along the medullary rays, usually indicating that the trees had past its prime
Radial Shake
49
a radial shake where only 1 shake is present
Heart Shake
50
a radial shake where two shakes in line are imposed
Double Heart Shake
51
a radial shake where there are several shakes
Star Shake
52
a type of shake wherein it projects inwardly from a definite frost rib on the cambium; a result of severe weather
Frost Shake
53
a type of shake when soft springwood of the log splits away from the hardened summerwood
Tangential Shake
54
a type of tangential shake that runs along the annual ring only
Cup Shake
55
a type of tangential shake when the shake is completely encircled around the log
Ring Shake
56
a shake that is caused by compression not by splitting or shearing; actual rupture is across the grain
Cross Shake
57
defect caused by damage to the cambium layer in resinous woods; can appear either as thin veins or shallow cavities filled with resin; aka “resin pockets”
Pitch Veins/Pitch Pockets
58
repeated damage to the cambium layer by small insects; healed with hark, and may show as small dots or patches of brown cork
Pitch Flecks
59
patches of ingrown bark caused by exterior damage to the growing tree
Rind Galls
60
sapwood dies ring by ring, forming heartwood
Internal Sapwood
61
caused either by fungal or insect attack irritating the cambium layers and resulting in large rapid growths
Burls/Burrs
62
tissue formed over a wound in a tree
Callus
63
caused by fungoid disease
Canker
64
partially heated fire scar
Catface
65
an artificial defect wherein the plank hollows across the width, forming a round underface (WIDTHWISE)
Cupping/Rounding
66
an artificial defect wherein the plank is curved like a bow throughout its length (LENGTHWISE)
Bowing
67
artificial defect where the plank bends EDGEWISE on its own plane; aka “edge bend”
Springing
68
artificial defect where the plank twists on its longitudinal axis; aka “in winding”
Twisting
69
artificial defect wherein distortion in one or more directions
Warping/Casting
70
artificial defect where the butt end of the plank splits open, caused by too rapid drying
End Splitting
71
artificial defect where small splits along the grain is caused by too rapid drying in the sun
Sun Checking
72
an artificial defect where the wood lifts in innumerable small flakes
Flaking
73
an artificial defect where the grain runs obliquely to the longitudinal axis due to incorrect sawing
Diagonal Grain
74
an artificial defect where if the wood dried to quickly the surfaces dry out at a rate quicker than the rate of movement of moisture by capillary attraction
Case Hardening
75
when kiln drying of the case-hardened timber is continued to dryness, natural shrinkage and drying happens in the moist interior
Honeycombing
76
an artificial defect when too rapid kiln drying results to flattening of the wood cells
Collapse
77
thin veneered sheets glued together; available in 4’ c 8’ boards, 1/8” - 1” thickness
Plywood
78
series of wood core strips glued together side by side to form a slab; sandwiched between outer layers of veneer or thin plywood
Plyboards/Hardboard
79
composed of wood chips carefully graded, mixed with synthetic resin glue then pressed into rigid sheets
Particle Board
80
used extensively in the building industry; dense hardboard used for back panels and drawer bottoms
Fiber Board
81
it has a thin outer pressed-melamine finish
Melamine Board
82
made by bonding together wood particles with an adhesive under heat and pressure; rigid board with a relatively smooth surface often faced with veneer
Chipboard
83
a type of Fiberboard; it is dense, flat, stiff, and has no knots
MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard)
84
a non-combustible building board with a gypsum core enclosed in a tough, smooth paper; designed to be used without the addition of plaster for walls; for "drywall construction"
Gypsum Board
85
it does not decay, is non-combustible, termite resistant; can be exposed to moisture, and can be used for exterior
Fiber Cement Boards

ID REVIEW for Boards (64 decks)

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