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ID REVIEW for Boards > FURN - MAT - Wood > Flashcards

FURN - MAT - Wood Flashcards

1
Q

most prevalent raw material for furniture industries; a unique and valuable medium taking advantage of the distinct and challenging qualities and characteristics

A

Wood

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2
Q

timber sawn or split in the form of beams, boards, joists, planks

A

Lumber

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3
Q

A classification of wood that are coniferous or cone-bearing tree.

A

Softwood

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4
Q

A classification of wood that are deciduous or broad-leafed trees

A

Hardwood

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5
Q

most expensive; for furniture and panelings, expensive flooring, door panels, stairs, and plywood veneer and facings

A

Narra

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6
Q

hardwood; used for posts and girders, or jambs attached to concrete; wooden decks: flooring and railings exposed to weather

A

Yacal and Guijo

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7
Q

softwood; for panelings, sidings, flooring and furniture; also for framing and trusses

A

Pine Benguet

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8
Q

most common lumber; for framing, joists, trusses, nailers

A

Tanguile (PH Mahogany) or Apitong

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9
Q

for framings, chests, jewel boxes

A

White and Red Lauan

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10
Q

hardwood for stair frames, chests, and jewel boxes

A

Kamagong

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11
Q

for panelings and plywood veneer

A

Dao

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12
Q

similar to pine; for paneling

A

Almaciga

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13
Q

light grayish-brown to reddish brown; striking grain figure and large open pores

A

Oak

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14
Q

creamy white to light reddish-brown; straight-grained and tiny wood. Bird’s Eye Pattern, special burl figures

A

Maple

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15
Q

light gray-brown too dark purple-brown; wide variety of plain and highly figured patterns

A

Walnut

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16
Q

cream color to light reddish-brown; visible resin canals and obvious growth rings

A

Pine

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17
Q

creamy white to light reddish-brown; extremely small pores

A

Birch

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18
Q

light to dark reddish-brown; straight grain and small individual pores

A

Cherry

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19
Q

hardwood; grayish creamy white through a reddish-dark brown; distinct straight grains and open pores

A

Ash

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20
Q

yellowish-brown through reddish brown to dark red; highly figured grain and open wood pores

A

Mahogany

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21
Q

hardwood; very light brown; distinct straight grain and open pores; commonly used as “bentwood”

A

Beech

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22
Q

light yellow to brownish-yellow with green tinge; even texture and straight grain pattern with barely visible pores

A

Poplar

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23
Q

tawny yellow to dark brown with frequent lighter and darker streaks; pattern very similar to walnut

A

Teak

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24
Q

creamy white to reddish-brown; occasional dark steaks and large wood pores

A

Pecan

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25
Q

light brown to dark brown often containing shades of red; moderately hard and heavy

A

Elm

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26
Q

various shades of dark brown to dark purple; conspicuous dark streaks and large open wood pores

A

Rosewood

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27
Q

creamy white to yellowish with obvious differences between spring and summer growth

A

Fir

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28
Q

deep reddish-brown with obvious alternating spring and summer growth rings

A

Redwood

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29
Q

softwood; light red with light colored streaks running throughout; knotty pattern, and highly aromatic

A

Cedar

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30
Q

pale reddish-brown; obvious wide growth pattern and small wood pores

A

Sycamore

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31
Q

pale too dark brown with occasional red streaks running throughout; large open wood pores

A

Butternut

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32
Q

soft hardwood; creamy white too creamy brown with frequent reddish markings; faint growth rings and broad wood raise

A

Basswood

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33
Q

2 common methods of drying wood

A
  1. Natural Drying or Air-Drying/Sun Drying
  2. Kiln Drying
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34
Q

drying method of drying that allows air to circulate around the lumber

A

Natural Drying

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35
Q

drying method done in a dry kiln where lumber is artificially dried to the correct moisture content.

used for more expensive lumber, required for more refined uses

A

Kiln Drying

36
Q

3 types of surface wood

A
  1. S1S - surfaced one side
  2. S2S - surfaced two sides
  3. S4S - surfaced four sides
37
Q

the most common method of sawing lumber where it produces the highest quality of usable lumber

A

Plain Sawing

38
Q

a method in sawing lumber when the sawyer cuts the log in quarters, then slices each quarter into boards

A

Quarter Sawing

39
Q

a method of sawing lumber wherein it produces much wider boards than other methods; sometimes called “sawing through and through”

A

Live Saw

40
Q

these are acquired defects occasioned by seasonal checks, insect and fungal attacks

A

Natural Defect

41
Q

defects caused by incorrect sawing and seasoning

A

Artificial Defects

42
Q

a natural defect wherein basal stumps of incipient or cast-off branches in the living tree

A

Knots

43
Q

a type of knot that are 1/2 inches small (or under); caused by the shedding of early branches

A

Pin Knot

44
Q

a type of knot that are sliced through their length during sawing; commonly known as “slash knots”

A

Spike or Spray Knot

45
Q

these are dead knots which are still sound and difficult to dislodge, and often ringed with resin in softwood

A

Encased Knot

46
Q

a type of knot that wherein two or three knots are springing from a common center

A

Branched Knot

47
Q

a type of defect that both medullary ray and springwood cells of ring-porous hardwoods are weaker than the remainder; thus extensive splitting may occur in the weakest links

A

Shakes

48
Q

a type of shake wherein the log splits from the other or heart radially along the medullary rays, usually indicating that the trees had past its prime

A

Radial Shake

49
Q

a radial shake where only 1 shake is present

A

Heart Shake

50
Q

a radial shake where two shakes in line are imposed

A

Double Heart Shake

51
Q

a radial shake where there are several shakes

A

Star Shake

52
Q

a type of shake wherein it projects inwardly from a definite frost rib on the cambium; a result of severe weather

A

Frost Shake

53
Q

a type of shake when soft springwood of the log splits away from the hardened summerwood

A

Tangential Shake

54
Q

a type of tangential shake that runs along the annual ring only

A

Cup Shake

55
Q

a type of tangential shake when the shake is completely encircled around the log

A

Ring Shake

56
Q

a shake that is caused by compression not by splitting or shearing; actual rupture is across the grain

A

Cross Shake

57
Q

defect caused by damage to the cambium layer in resinous woods; can appear either as thin veins or shallow cavities filled with resin; aka “resin pockets”

A

Pitch Veins/Pitch Pockets

58
Q

repeated damage to the cambium layer by small insects; healed with hark, and may show as small dots or patches of brown cork

A

Pitch Flecks

59
Q

patches of ingrown bark caused by exterior damage to the growing tree

A

Rind Galls

60
Q

sapwood dies ring by ring, forming heartwood

A

Internal Sapwood

61
Q

caused either by fungal or insect attack irritating the cambium layers and resulting in large rapid growths

A

Burls/Burrs

62
Q

tissue formed over a wound in a tree

A

Callus

63
Q

caused by fungoid disease

A

Canker

64
Q

partially heated fire scar

A

Catface

65
Q

an artificial defect wherein the plank hollows across the width, forming a round underface (WIDTHWISE)

A

Cupping/Rounding

66
Q

an artificial defect wherein the plank is curved like a bow throughout its length (LENGTHWISE)

A

Bowing

67
Q

artificial defect where the plank bends EDGEWISE on its own plane; aka “edge bend”

A

Springing

68
Q

artificial defect where the plank twists on its longitudinal axis; aka “in winding”

A

Twisting

69
Q

artificial defect wherein distortion in one or more directions

A

Warping/Casting

70
Q

artificial defect where the butt end of the plank splits open, caused by too rapid drying

A

End Splitting

71
Q

artificial defect where small splits along the grain is caused by too rapid drying in the sun

A

Sun Checking

72
Q

an artificial defect where the wood lifts in innumerable small flakes

A

Flaking

73
Q

an artificial defect where the grain runs obliquely to the longitudinal axis due to incorrect sawing

A

Diagonal Grain

74
Q

an artificial defect where if the wood dried to quickly the surfaces dry out at a rate quicker than the rate of movement of moisture by capillary attraction

A

Case Hardening

75
Q

when kiln drying of the case-hardened timber is continued to dryness, natural shrinkage and drying happens in the moist interior

A

Honeycombing

76
Q

an artificial defect when too rapid kiln drying results to flattening of the wood cells

A

Collapse

77
Q

thin veneered sheets glued together; available in 4’ c 8’ boards, 1/8” - 1” thickness

A

Plywood

78
Q

series of wood core strips glued together side by side to form a slab; sandwiched between outer layers of veneer or thin plywood

A

Plyboards/Hardboard

79
Q

composed of wood chips carefully graded, mixed with synthetic resin glue then pressed into rigid sheets

A

Particle Board

80
Q

used extensively in the building industry; dense hardboard used for back panels and drawer bottoms

A

Fiber Board

81
Q

it has a thin outer pressed-melamine finish

A

Melamine Board

82
Q

made by bonding together wood particles with an adhesive under heat and pressure; rigid board with a relatively smooth surface often faced with veneer

A

Chipboard

83
Q

a type of Fiberboard; it is dense, flat, stiff, and has no knots

A

MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard)

84
Q

a non-combustible building board with a gypsum core enclosed in a tough, smooth paper; designed to be used without the addition of plaster for walls; for “drywall construction”

A

Gypsum Board

85
Q

it does not decay, is non-combustible, termite resistant; can be exposed to moisture, and can be used for exterior

A

Fiber Cement Boards

ID REVIEW for Boards (64 decks)

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