Mar 26 Sarcopenia Flashcards
Sarcopenia: (Name 3)
Sarcopenia
Age-related loss of muscle mass and strength.
Increases with increasing age.
* Highly prevalent in the elderly population.
Is strongly associated with disability.
* General weakness, frailty, impaired mobility and balance, increased risk of falls/fractures, decreased QOL
Sarcopenia causes (Name 3)
Sarcopenia
Muscle Atrophy
Decrease in muscle mass (fibre size)
* 1-25%↓cross-sectional area of type I fibres
* 25-50%↓cross-sectional area of type II fibres
Decrease in muscle mass (fibre number) sarcopenia decrease in muscle fiber number:
* 50- 70yrs (1-2% per year)
* 70-80 yrs (10-25%)
* >80yrs (40%)
Divided into quartiles of leg strength -> measure of muscle quality (associated with LBM)
Survival tracked for 6 years.
Lowest strength =
Similar results for:
Similar results for:
Divided into quartiles of leg strength -> measure of muscle quality (associated with LBM)
Survival tracked for 6 years.
Lowest strength = lowest survival rate -> lowest functional capacity
Similar results for women (less strong).
Similar results for grip strength
No change in body weight…. BUT:
No change in body weight…. BUT as % body fat increases, lean mass (must) decrease
Sarcopenic Obesity
Definition of Sarcopenic-Obesity
What is it?
Sarcopenic Obesity
Definition of Sarcopenic-Obesity
What is it?
Obesity with decreased muscle mass and function.
- Combined data from the New Mexico Aging Process Study (NMAPS) and the New Mexico Elder Health Survey (NMEHS).
- Cross-sectional analysis
Influence of Sarcopenic-Obesity (SO) on Physical Function in the New Mexico Aging Process Study
Subjects with SO at baseline:
Findings: (3 things)
Influence of Sarcopenic-Obesity (SO) on Physical Function in the New Mexico Aging Process Study
Subjects with SO at baseline were 2-3x more likely to report onset of ADL disability vs. other groups
- SO increases with increased age
- SO greater disability, morbidity, and mortality
- ~10% at >80y
Anabolic Resistance in Elderly: (2 things)
Anabolic Resistance in Elderly
A condition where muscle protein synthesis is reduced in response to exercise, protein, or
amino acids contributing to muscle loss and weakness.
Aging is accompanied by a blunted muscle protein synthetic response to protein ingestion.
Lean mass (LM) loss by quintile of relative protein intake: (4 things)
- Older adults (n=2066), loss of LM over 3 years
- Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study (USA).
- RDA is 0.8 g/kg/d
- Higher protein diets are protective against lean mass losses.
Relationship between RET and Functional Capacity:
Resistance exercise can prevent/attenuate sarcopenia
