Mar 26 Sarcopenia

Question 1

Sarcopenia:
Which population does it affect the most?

Answer 1

Sarcopenia

Age-related loss of muscle mass and strength. Is strongly associated with disability.

Increases with increasing age.
* Highly prevalent in the elderly population.

Question 2

Sarcopenia causes (Name 3)

Answer 2

Sarcopenia

Muscle Atrophy

Decrease in muscle mass (fibre size)
* 1-25% of type I fibres
* 25-50% of type II fibres

Decrease in muscle mass (fibre number)
* 50- 70yrs (1-2% per year)
* 70-80 yrs (10-25%)
* >80yrs (40%)

Question 3

Divided into quartiles of leg strength -> measure of muscle quality (associated with LBM)
Survival tracked for 6 years.

Lowest strength =

Similar results for:
Similar results for:

Answer 3

Divided into quartiles of leg strength -> measure of muscle quality (associated with LBM)
Survival tracked for 6 years.

Lowest strength = lowest survival rate -> lowest functional capacity

Similar results for women (less strong).
Similar results for grip strength

Question 4

No change in body weight…. BUT:

Answer 4

No change in body weight…. BUT as % body fat increases, lean mass (must) decrease

Question 5

Sarcopenic Obesity

Definition of Sarcopenic-Obesity
What is it?

Answer 5

Sarcopenic Obesity

Definition of Sarcopenic-Obesity
What is it?
Obesity with decreased muscle mass and function.

• Combined data from the New Mexico Aging Process Study (NMAPS) and the New Mexico Elder Health Survey (NMEHS).
• Cross-sectional analysis

Question 6

Influence of Sarcopenic-Obesity (SO) on Physical Function in the New Mexico Aging Process Study

Subjects with SO at baseline:

Findings: (3 things)

Answer 6

Influence of Sarcopenic-Obesity (SO) on Physical Function in the New Mexico Aging Process Study

Subjects with SO at baseline were 2-3x more likely to report onset of ADL disability vs. other groups

• SO increases with increased age
• SO greater disability, morbidity, and mortality
• ~10% at >80y

Question 7

Anabolic Resistance in Elderly: (2 things)

Answer 7

Anabolic Resistance in Elderly

A condition where muscle protein synthesis is reduced in response to exercise, protein, or amino acids contributing to muscle loss and weakness.

Aging is accompanied by a blunted muscle protein synthetic response to protein ingestion.

Question 8

Lean mass (LM) loss by quintile of relative protein intake: (2 things)

Answer 8

• Higher protein diets are protective against lean mass losses.
• • RDA is 0.8 g/kg/d

Question 9

Relationship between RET and Functional Capacity:

Answer 9

Resistance exercise can prevent/attenuate sarcopenia