Male Cancer Flashcards
Testicular lymphatics drain to which two nodes?
- Lumbar
- Para-aortic
(NOT INGUINAL)
The Prostate lymph goes to the ____ nodes
Hypogastric
Vast majority of early prostate cancers are ____ receptor dependent
Androgen
_____ of the prostate is the most common form of cancer in men, especially OLDER men
Adenocarcinoma
Yolk Sac Tumors are the most common testi tumor in _____
Infants
Uniquely, Testicular torsion presents as _____ pain and a loss of _____ relfex in children
- Abdominal
- Cremasteric
The Testis lymph goes to the _____ nodes
Paraaortic
Prostate Cancer histo usually includes ____ (number) of cell layers along with ____ nuclei
- Single
- Large
Considering that the Prostate Stromal cells utilize 5-a-Reductase to make DHT and continue Stromal Proliferation; a drug such as _____ would be great to inhibit 5-a-Reductase or ALPHA-1A BLOCKERS TO RELAX THE MUSCLES
Finasteride
Teratomas are benign for ______ and malignant for _____
- Pre-puberty
- Post-Puberty
Buzz-Word for testicular Torsion
“Bell Clapper Deformity”
The Penis lymph goes to the _____ nodes
Inguinal
In regards to Germ Cell Tumors, Embryonal Carcinoma Tumors are more AGGRESSIVE than Seminoma and may have Serum _____(yolk) and _____ (chorio) elevation
- a-AFP
- HCG
95% of testicular cancers are germ cell tumors which are wither _____ that resemble germ cells or _________ that are undifferentiated
- Seminoma
- Non-Seminoma
Usually from age ____ to _____ Testicular tumor is most common
15-35
Castration leads to _____ of the prostate
Atrophy
A testicular hydrocele is when fluid builds up in the ___ ___
tunica vaginalis
Prostate cancers typically occur in the _____ Zone of the prostate
Peripheral
Key Yolk Sac Histo Finding?
Schiller Duval Bodies
looks like glomeruli
Most common testicular mass in male >50 is actually a ______
DLBC Lymphoma
Since choriocarcinoma makes a lot of HcG, what other hormone receptors can be activated?
- Thyroid (hyper)
- FSH/LH (Gynecomastia)
Seminomas almost never occur in _____ and have excellent prognosis
Infants
Although embryonal carcinoma might have elevated Serum AFP the most common Testi tumor in infants, _____ ____ Tumors, will 100% have elevated AFP (100’s-1000’s ng/mL).
Yolk Sac
To treat testicular neoplasms NEVER do what 2 things?
- Biopsy
- Cut into scrotum
(No trans-scrotal orchiectomy or biopsy)
Seminomas never hit infants and can contain synctiotrophoblasts that produce _____
HCG
What does prostate cancer do to the bones?
BUILDS with osteoblasts
BPH typically occurs in the _____ Zone of the prostate
Transition
How does Finasteride treat BPH?
Inhibits 5-a-Reductase
Inhibits stromal proliiferation
Priapism
Erection for more than 4 hrs
2 Kinds of Non-Seminoma Testi Tumors
- Teratoma
2. Yolk sac (embryonal carcinoma or choriocarcinoma)
Key Choriocarcinoma Lab finding?
Elevated hCG >100,00 mIU/mL
Isochromosome of the short arm of chromosome 12 is PATHOGNOMONIC for _____ tumors
Testicular
In the descent of the testis the coelomic cavity evaginates into scrotal swelling and forms the pocket known as _____ ____, which should obliterate
Processus Vaginalis
How to treat testicular neoplasm surgically?
- Remove testis and spermatic cord form inguinal ring
Radical Inguinal Orchiectomy
2 Hormonal treatments to prostate cancer
- Continuous GnRH analog (leuoprolide)
2. AR atnagonists (flutamine)
