Male anatomy Flashcards
Label the anatomy of the male reproductive tract
What is the role of the testis?
Sperm production
Endocrine gland - testosterone production
Describe the location of the testis
in an evagination of the peritoneum (vaginal tunic)
Label this diagram of the testis
What is the function of the tunica albuginea?
Sends in finger like projections into parenchyma of the testis
has contractile abilities
role in sperm release
What is the fluid in the vaginal cavity of the testis?
Vaginal cavity is continuous with peritoneum
Peritoneal fluid
Describe the components of the scrotum
Label the histology of the testis
What is the function of Leydig cells?
Produce testosterone
Describe the anatomy of the seminiferous tubules
What is the function of the epididymis?
One long convoluted tubule
Head and body - transport and maturation of spermatazoa (resorption of fluid and secretion of proteins)
Tail - storage of mature spermatazoa, smooth muscle contracts during sexual stimulation to move spermatozoa into ductus deferens
What is the function of the ductus deferens?
transports sperm up to pelvic urethra from tail of epididymis
What adaptation of the ductus deferens aids its function?
very strong smooth muscle wall aids propulsion of spermatozoa
Label the male reproductive tract
Label the superficial layer of canine abdominal muscles
What is the anatomy and function of the cremaster muscle?
Crescent shaped
Used for elevating testis
Label the spermatic cord
Describe the function of the pampiniform plexus
- no difference in systolic and diastolic pressure
- heat exchange
- testosterone transfer from testicular vain to artery -> high local conc in testis
Which muscles aid temp regulation in the testis?
Tunica dartos (smooth muscle in scrotal skin) - long lasting contraction, brings testes into a warm surrounding
Cremaster muscle (striated muscle in spermatic cord) - short term elevation of testes
What are the testicular arteries and veins?
Label the vascular supply to the testes
Which nerve provides innervation of the penis?
Terminal branch of pudendal nerve
Which artery supplies the accessory glands, urethra and penis?
Internal pudendal artery
What is the function of the male accessory reproductive glands?
Produce seminal plasma
What are the male accessory reproductive glands?
Ampulla
Vesicular gland
Prostate gland
Bulbourethral gland
Label the accessory glands (and other relevant structures) of the stallion
What is the colliculus seminalis?
Label the accessory glands and relevant structures of the bull
Label the accessory glands and relevant structures of the boar(ignore middle)
Label the accessory glands and relevant structures of the dog
Fill in the table of the presence of reproductive accessory glands in different species
What is the unique anatomy of the canine prostate gland?
bilobed
What is benign prostatic hyperplasia in the dog?
overgrowth of prostrate ->compression of the rectum -> tenesmus (straining even if don’t need to poo)
What are the common muscles of the male reproductive tract and their locations, anatomy and function?
Urethralis muscle - surrounds the pelvic urethra
Bulbospongiosus muscle - surrounds the bulbourethral glands and penile urethra
Both striated and important for transport of semen through the urethra
What is the anatomy, location and function of the ischiocavernosus muscle?
Striated
Encloses crura penis
Important for erection
Where is the crura/root of the penis attached?
Paired
attached to ischiatic arch
Describe the 3 columns of erectile tissue
2x corpus cavernosum
- basis of the crura
- surrounded by dense connective tissue (tunica albuginea)
Corpus spongiosum
- around urethra
Label the erectile tissue of the penis
What are the 2 types of penis?
Fibroelastic
Musculocavernous
Describe the anatomy of the fibroelastic penis
- much fibroelastic tissue in corpus cavernosum
- little increase in length/girth in erection
- retractor penis muscle relaxes
- sigmoid flexure stretches
- ruminants, pigs
Label the features of the fibroelastic penis
Describe the musculocavernous penis
- more muscular/less connective tissue in corpus cavernosum
- significant increase in length/girth during erection
What is the glans penis?
Contains the opening of the urethra
Supported only by corpus spongiosum (+os penis in dog)
Lots of species variation
Label this ram penis
