Histology of non-pregnant female Flashcards
Label the female repro system
What is the function of the ovaries?
production of female gametes/oocytes/eggs
Production of female sex steroids
Describe the anatomy of the ovaries
Cortex: outer parenchymatous zone containing follicle and corpus luteums
Medulla: inner vascular zone
Stroma: spindle-shaped cells that surround ovarian follicles
Label the ovarian histology
Describe the formation of an ovarian follicle
Follicle composed of an oocyte surrounded by specialised epithelial cells (granulosa/cumulus)
During follicular development, epithelial cells become surrounded by theca cells (Specialised stroma) and a fluid-filled cavity develops among epithelial cells
These layers are separated by a basement membrane
Describe the structure of a primordial follicle
Least developed and most numerous
Primary oocyte surrounded by simple squamous epithelial granulosa cells
Describe the structure of a primary follicle
The first developmental stage
primary oocyte surrounded by simple cuboidal epithelila granulosa cells
Describe the structure of a secondary follicle
Granulosa cells proliferate and form a stratified epithelium (multiple layers of granulosa cells)
Describe the structure of an early antral follicle
Characterised by a fluid-containing cavity (the antrum)
Theca cells differentiate into 2 layers (interna and externa)
Describe the structure of the antral/tertiary/Graafian follicle
The granulosa cells form a thickened mound (cumulus oophorus) which projects into the antrum
What stage of follicle development is this?
Primordial
What stage of follicle development is this?
Primary follicle
What stage of follicle development is this?
Secondary follicle
What stage of follicle development is this?
Early antral follicle
What stage of follicle development is this?
Antral/tertiary/Graafian follicle
Describe the formation of corpus luteum
At ovulation, the follicular walls, composed of the granulosa and thecal cells collapses
Theca cells become small luteal cells
Granulosa cells become large luteal cells
Basement membrane breaks down, tissue is remodelled, vessels increase and is transformed into the CL
Early stage = corpus haemorrhagicum
Label the histology of the CL
What is the corpus albicans
Scar tissue on the ovary of a previous CL
Label this ovarian cross section
Label this antral follicle cross section
What are the layers of the oviduct wall?
Serosa (peritoneum) - outer
Muscularis
Mucosa - inner
Describe the histology of the oviduct
Mucosa projects into lumen as longitudinal folds
BVs supply the tubes via the mesosalpinx
Mucosa is lined by simple or pseudostratified columnar epithelum with ciliated and secretory cells
Label this oviduct histology
Label this oviduct histology
How do you differentiate between the ampulla and isthmus of the oviduct?
Ampulla - longer, thin walled, primary, secondary and tertiary mucosal folds
Isthmus - shorter, thicker walled, fewer longitudinal mucosal folds
Identify the different parts of the oviduct
Ampulla - LEFT
Isthmus - RIGHT
What are the 3 segements of the uterus?
Horns - cornua
Body - corpus
Neck - cervix
What are the 3 layers of the uterine wall and their functions?
Inner - Endometrium - mucosa - secretory and support embryo/pregnancy
Myometrium - muscularis - contractile for parturition
Outer - Perimetrium - serosa - protection
Label this uterine histology
Label this uterine histology
