Artificial insemination Flashcards
What is artifical insemination?
the deliberate introduction of sperm into the cervix or uterine cavity by catheter
What are the benefits of using AI?
How is ejaculate collected?
Collection using 3 methods:
- artifical vagina with teaser or dummy female (bull, stallion)
- teaser or dummy female and manual manipulation of the penis (boar, dog)
- electro-ejaculation (ram)
How does electroejaculatiuon stimualte ejaculation?
Electric pulses in rectum
Lie along pelvic nerves
Stimulates ejaculation
What are the benefits of using electro-ejaculation for semen collection?
Good for animals with NMSK issues so they do not need to mount a dummy
What do you assess in a semen examination?
When would you perform a semen examination
What methods are there to assess sperm motility
Manually - under microscope
CASA (computer assisted sperm analysis)
How do you assess sperm conc?
Haemocytometer
Densitometer
Sample is diluted with distilled water with fixative or detergent to kill sperm and prevent clumping, this allows counting
How do you count sperm using a haemocytometer?
Count sperm in 5 squares
Multiply by 5
multiply by 10,000
Multiply total number by dilution factor
How is sperm morphology and vitality assessed?
Nigrosine and eosin stain
Damaged membrane or heads = pink (eosin)
Name these abnormal sperm morphologies
What is odd about rodent sperm morphology?
hook for a head
What does extender solutions aim to do in semen storage?
What are the preservation options for sperm?
What happens if sperm freezing/cryopreservation is too slow?
What happens if sperm freezing/cryopreservation is the correct speed?
What happens if freezing/cryopreservation of sperm is too fast?
How does sexing sperm by flow cytometry work?
