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AUBF > M4: Serous Fluids (Part 1: Intro to Transudates and Exudates) > Flashcards

M4: Serous Fluids (Part 1: Intro to Transudates and Exudates) Flashcards

1
Q

What are fluids within closed cavities of the body?

A

pleural, pericardial, peritoneal

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2
Q

These are seen in the cavity (space) in between of parietal and visceral membrane

A

Serous fluid

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3
Q

Serous fluid are seen in the cavity in between what (2) membranes?

A

Parietal and Visceral membrane

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4
Q

Serous fluid within 2 membranes

lines the cavity wall (outer wall)

A

Parietal membrane

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5
Q

Serous fluid within 2 membranes

covers the organ (inner wall)

A

Visceral membrane

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6
Q
  • These provide lubrication
  • Reduces friction & abrasion
  • Ultrafiltrates of plasma
  • Affected by hydrostatic and colloid pressure
A

Serous fluids

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7
Q

These are ultrafiltrates of plasma

A

Serous fluids

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8
Q

Whenever serous fluids is extracted, what procedure must be done?

A

blood collection

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9
Q

Serous fluids

T or F

After blood collection and serous fluid are collected, comparison of plasma and serous fluid will occur

A

T

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10
Q

Serous fluids

What are the (2) factors affected by hydrostatic and colloid pressure

A
  • Production of volume
  • Reabsorption
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11
Q

Serous fluids

increase fluid between membranes

A

Effusion

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12
Q

Specimen Collection and Handling

3 ways of aspiration

A
  1. Thoracentesis
  2. Pericardiocentesis
  3. Paracentesis
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13
Q

Specimen Collection and Handling

Serous fluid in lungs

Aspiration sample

A

Pleural

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14
Q

Specimen Collection and Handling

Serous fluid in heart

Aspiration sample

A

Pericardial

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15
Q

Specimen Collection and Handling

Serous fluid in abdomen

Aspiration sample

A

Peritoneal

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16
Q

Specimen Collection and Handling

Process of aspiration of pleural fluid (lungs)

Aspiration sample

A

Thoracentesis

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17
Q

Specimen Collection and Handling

Process of aspiration of pericardial fluid (heart)

A

Pericardiocentesis

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18
Q

Specimen Collection and Handling

Process of aspiration of peritoneal fluid (abdomen)

A

Paracentesis

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19
Q

Specimen Collection and Handling

Serous fluid is collected by using what instrument

A

Needle aspiration

20
Q

Specimen Collection and Handling

Volume of serous fluid collected?

A

> 100 mL

21
Q

Specimen Collection and Handling

4 anticoagulants used in serous fluid

A
  1. EDTA
  2. Heparinized
  3. SPS
  4. Plain
22
Q

Specimen Collection and Handling

  • Anticoagulant used in Cell counts and Differential counts
  • For hematology
  • Patient is suffering from an infection

4 anticoagulants used in serous fluid

A

EDTA

23
Q

Specimen Collection and Handling

  • Anticoagulant used for Culture, Microbiology and Cytology
  • Observation of characteristic of cells

4 anticoagulants used in serous fluid

A

Heparinized or Sodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS)

24
Q

Specimen Collection and Handling

  • Anticoagulant used for chemistry
  • Compared frequently with Plasma Chemical Concentrations
A

Plain or Heparinized

25
Q

Specimens for pH are maintained in what environment

A

Ice anaerobically

26
Q

T or F

Increased temperature results to increased pH

A

F (decrease pH)

27
Q

T or F
Specimen are processed immediately

A

T

28
Q

T or F

Composition of blood plasma and serous fluid are not the same

A

F (ALMOST THE SAME)

29
Q

T or F

Serous fluid specimens should be left in room temperature

A

F (ICE)

30
Q

form because of a systemic disorder that disrupts the balance in the regulation of fluid filtration and reabsorption

A

Effusions

31
Q

These are effusions that form because of a systemic disorder that disrupts the balance in the regulation of fluid filtration and reabsorption

A
  • Transudates
  • Exudates
32
Q

Effusion

  • Changes in Hydrostatic Pressure
  • Increase (Imbalance) Pressure = Affect production and reabsorption
  • Underlying disease
  • CHF (Congestive heart failure) or
    Hypoproteinemia associated with Nephrotic syndrome
A

Transudates

33
Q

Effusion

  • Directly involve the membranes of cavity (No underlying disease)
  • Infections and malignancies
A

Exudates

34
Q

Transudate or Exudate

Appearance:
Clear, Pale Yellow

WBC Count: < 1000/uL (Pleural, Pericardial); < 500/uL (Peritoneal)

Spontaneous Clotting: No

Fluid total protein: 30g/L or Less

Fluid:Serum protein ratio: <0.5

Fluid:Serum LD ratio: <0.6

Fluid LD: <0.67 x ULN serum

Pleural fluid cholesterol: <45 - 60 mg/dL

Pleural fluid:serum Cholesterol Ratio: <0.3

Pleural fluid:Bilirubin Ratio: 0.6

Serum-ascites Albumin gradient: >1.1

Glucose: Equal to Serum

Specific gravity: <1.015

A

Transudate

35
Q

Transudate or Exudate

Appearance:
Cloudy, Color variable

WBC Count: > 1000/uL

Spontaneous Clotting: Possible

Fluid total protein: >30g/L

Fluid:Serum protein ratio: >0.5

Fluid:Serum LD ratio: >0.6

Fluid LD: >0.67 x ULN serum

Pleural fluid cholesterol: >45 - 60 mg/dL

Pleural fluid:serum Cholesterol Ratio: >0.3

Pleural fluid:Bilirubin Ratio: >0.6

Serum-ascites Albumin gradient: <1.1

Glucose: Less than or Equal to Serum

Specific gravity: >1.015

A

Exudate

36
Q

Transudate or Exudate

Appearance: Clear, Pale Yellow

A

Transudate

37
Q

Transudate or Exudate

Appearance: Cloudy, Color variable

A

Exudate

38
Q

Transudate or Exudate

NO spontaneous clotting

A

Transudate

39
Q

Transudate or Exudate

Possible spontaneous clotting

A

Exudate

40
Q

Transudate or Exudate

Glucose: Equal to Serum

A

Transudate

actually can be both kasi exudate can be less or equal to serum

41
Q

Transudate or Exudate

Glucose: Less than or Equal to Serum (Microorganisms consumes the glucose)

A

Exudate

42
Q

Transudate or Exudate

Specific gravity: <1.015

A

Transudate

43
Q

Transudate or Exudate

Specific gravity: >1.015

A

Exudates

44
Q

Transudate or Exudate

T or F

Exudate’s appearance is cloudy, color variable due to the presence of microorganism

A

T

45
Q

Transudate or Exudate

T or F

Exudate’s appearance can be color green or red due to the presence of microorganism

A

T

AUBF (34 decks)

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