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AUBF > F1: Semen Analysis (Part 1: Terminologies-Sperm Cell Maturation) > Flashcards

F1: Semen Analysis (Part 1: Terminologies-Sperm Cell Maturation) Flashcards

1
Q

Terminologies

Absence of spermatozoa (sperm cell) in semen

A

Azoospermia

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2
Q

Terminologies

Decreased number of sperm

A

Oligospermia

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3
Q

Terminologies

Immature or young sperm cell

A

Spermatid

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4
Q

Terminologies

Dead sperm cell

A

Necrospermia

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5
Q

Terminologies

No semen

A

Aspermia

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6
Q

Terminologies

Low percentage of progressively motile
spermatozoa

A

Asthenozoospermia

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7
Q

Terminologies

Low percentage of morphologically normal
spermatozoa

A

Teratozoospermia

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8
Q

is a composite solution formed by testes as well as other male reproductive organs

A

Seminal fluid

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9
Q

Seminal fluid (or semen) consists basically of?

a. spermatozoa suspended in seminal plasma
b. spermatozoa suspended in seminal serum fluid
c. both
d. NOTA

A

a. spermatozoa suspended in seminal plasma

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10
Q

What is the flow if seminal fluid?

Summary only

A

Testis → Epididymis → Vas deferens → Seminal vesicle → Ejaculatory duct → Prostate gland → Bulbourethral gland →Urethra

TEV SEP BU

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11
Q

If you see this card

A

Patingin nung picture about flow of seminal fluid plssss

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12
Q

Familiarize the detailed flow of sperm production to ejaculation

A
  1. Sperm develop as tiney round cells in seminiforous tubules of testicles
  2. Hormones from testicles and pituitary gland help sperm mature
  3. They travel to epididymis and develop further for several weeks
  4. Migration to vas deferens
  5. Travel to seminal gland, nourished by semen fluid
  6. Travel to prostate gland and mix with prostate fluids
  7. Exit through urethra during ejaculation
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13
Q

Detailed flow of sperm production to ejaculation

(1) Sperm develop as tine round cells in what male reproductive organ?

A

Seminiferous tubules/testicles

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14
Q

Detailed flow of sperm production to ejaculation

(2) Hormones from two male reproductive organs which helps sperm mature

A

Testicles, Pituitary gland

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15
Q

Detailed flow of sperm production to ejaculation

(3) Sperm travels to what male reproductive organ wherein in here tehy develop further for several weeks

A

Epididymis

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16
Q

Detailed flow of sperm production to ejaculation

(4) After maturation in epididymis, sperm migrates to?

A

Vas deferens

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17
Q

Detailed flow of sperm production to ejaculation

(5) After migration to vas deferens, sperm cells travel to what male reproductive organ which nourishments of semen fluid occurs

A

Seminal gland

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18
Q

Detailed flow of sperm production to ejaculation

(6) After nourishment, sperm travels to what male reproductive organ and mix with what fluids

2 answers: what organ and what fluids does it mix with

A

Organ: trevals to prostate gland
mix with prostate fluids

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19
Q

Detailed flow of sperm production to ejaculation

(7) Sperm exits during ejaculation through the?

A

Urethra

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20
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

  • 5% of the entire ejaculate which is composed of sperm cells comes from the testis
  • Site of spermatogenesis, male reproductive gland that produces sperm cells
    and secretes testosterone
A

Testis
(Seminiferous
tubules)

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21
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

T or F

4% of entire ejaculate (composed of sperm cells) come from testis

Testis (Seminiferous
tubules)

A

F (5% )

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22
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

  • Site of maturation of sperm
  • Where sperm cells become motile
A

Epididymis

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23
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

Propels sperm to the ejaculatory duct

A

Vas deferens

24
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

  • Convoluted and pouch-like
  • 60 % to 70% of semen comes from this
  • Fluid from the seminal vesicle is alkaline and viscous
  • 4 components: Fructose, Prostaglandin, Clotting proteins, Flavin
A

Seminal vesicles

25
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

T or F

60% to 70% of semen comes from seminal vesicle

A

T

26
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

Fluid from the seminal vesicle has what pH and consistency

A

Alkaline, Viscous

27
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

provides nutrients to the sperm cells

4 components/fluids in seminal vesicles

A

Fructose

28
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

contribute to sperm motility & viability

4 components/fluids in seminal vesicles

A

Prostaglandin

29
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

help semen coagulate after ejaculation

4 components/fluids in seminal vesicles

A

Clotting proteins

30
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

  • Imparts the characteristic gray or opalescent appearance of semen
  • Responsible for the green-white
    fluorescence under UV light

4 components/fluids in seminal vesicles

A

Flavin

31
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

  • 20% to 30% of semen comes from this
  • Size of a golf ball
  • Produces milky, slightly acidic fluid (6.5)
  • 6 components: Citric acid, Proteolytic enzymes, Acid phosphatase, Choline and spermine , Zinc
A

Prostate
Gland

32
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

used by sperm for ATP
production

6 components/fluids in prostate gland

A

Citric acid

33
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

prostatic specific antigen, pepsinogen, lysozyme, amylase, hyaluronidase which break down clotting proteins (liquefaction of semen)

6 components/fluids in prostate gland

A

Proteolytic enzymes

34
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

makes semen
sterile by inhibiting the growth of bacteria

6 components/fluids in prostate gland

A

Choline and spermine

35
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

What are the 6 components/fluids in prostate gland?

A
  • Citric acid
  • Proteolytic enzymes
  • Acid phosphatase
  • Choline
  • Spermine
  • Zinc
36
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

What are the 4 components/fluids in seminal vesicles

A
  • Fructose
  • Prostaglandin
  • Clotting proteins
  • Flavin
37
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

  • Pea–sized, responsible for 5% of the entire semen
  • Alkaline fluid into the urethra that protects
  • the passing sperm by neutralizing acid from urine in the urethra
  • Secretes thick alkaline mucus which lubricates the penis and the lining of the urethra.
A

Bulbourethral
glands

38
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

T or F

Bulbourethral
glands are pea-sized, responsible for 7% of entire semen

A

F (5% din)

39
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

This property of Bulbourethral
glands protects passing sperm by neautraliizng acid from urine in urethra

A

Alkalinity (Alkaline fluid)

40
Q

SEMEN OR SEMINAL FLUID: specific male organs

Bulbourethral glands secretes what which lubricates the penis and the lining of the urethra

A

Thick alkaline mucus

41
Q

FOUR FRACTIONS OF SEMINAL FLUID

Identify four fractions of seminal fluid based on its percentage on semen and function:

  • 5%
  • Site of sperm production
A

Testes

42
Q

Identify four fractions of seminal fluid based on its percentage on semen and function:

  • 60-70% (Major contributor)
  • Provides nutrients for sperm
    (Fructose)
A

Seminal
vesicle

43
Q

Identify four fractions of seminal fluid based on its percentage on semen and function:

  • 20% to 30%
  • Acid phosphatase, citric acid, zinc, proteolytic enzymes
A

Prostate gland

44
Q

Identify four fractions of seminal fluid based on its percentage on semen and function:

  • 5%
  • Thick alkaline mucus (to neutralize prostatic acid and vaginal acidity)
A

Bulbourethral
gland

45
Q

IMPORTANCE OF SEMEN ANALYSIS

Familiarize the 3 importance of semen analysis

A
  1. For fertility studies
  2. To follow-up a post-vasectomy procedure
  3. For forensic studies or medico-legal cases (e.g. rape, paternity)
46
Q

IMPORTANCE OF SEMEN ANALYSIS

What are the causes of infertility?

For fertility studies

A
  • Varicocele
  • Mumps
  • Klinefelter’s syndrome
  • Malignancy
47
Q

IMPORTANCE OF SEMEN ANALYSIS

  • Most common
  • Forms when valves inside the veins along the spermatic cord prevent blood from flowing properly (swelling, widening, and hardening of the veins)
  • Tapering of the head of the spaerm cells

For fertility studies

causes of infertility

A

Varicocele

48
Q

SPERM CELL MATURATION

Sperm cell maturation comprises of what 2 processes

A

Spermatogenesis, Spermiogenesis

49
Q

SPERM CELL MATURATION

  • Formation and development of sperm in the seminiferous tubules of the testes
  • 65-75 days
A

Spermatogenesis

50
Q

SPERM CELL MATURATION

  • Maturation of spermatids into sperm cells
  • 10-14 days
A

Spermiogenesis

51
Q

SPERM CELL MATURATION

How long is the process of spermatogenesis?

A

around 65-75 days

52
Q

SPERM CELL MATURATION

How long is the process of spermiogenesis?

A

around 10-14 days

53
Q

SPERM CELL MATURATION

The entire process of sperm cell maturation takes approximately?

A

90 days

54
Q

SPERM CELL MATURATION

Familiarize or Memorize the process of spermatogenesis

A

Spermatogonium → Primary Spermatocyte → Secondary Spermatocyte → Spermatid → Sperm cell

55
Q

SPERM CELL MATURATION

These cells provide support and nutrients for the germ cells as they undergo mitosis and meiosis

A

Sertoli cells

AUBF (45 decks)

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