M3: Analysis Automation (Part 1: Introduction and Automated Instruments in Urinalysis) Flashcards
Why do we need automation in the laboratory?
a. Increase productivity
b. Minimize human errors
c. both
d. neither
c. both
What are the 3 major variable in urinalysis
as provided by ma’am gia
- Lab personnel timing
- Interpretation of color reaction
- Correct color readings
time, interpretation and reading of color
Major Variables in Urinalysis
T or F
in chemical analysis, color biases (human errors) can happen among different lab personnel
F (physical analysis) technically tama pa rin to sinceyung color nung strip pwede rin magka error
T or F
Analysis Automation improves reproducibility of results and color discrimination while increasing productivity to standardize the reporting of results
T
T or F
Automation is not only for body fluids
T
Ultimate goal of urinalysis except:
a. Improved reproducibility
b. Color discrimination
c. Widely increased productivity
d. Varying reporting of urinalysis results
e. NONE
d. Varying reporting of urinalysis results
SHOULD BE
STANDARDIZED reporting of urinalysis results
Familiarize the ultimate goal of urinalysis
- Improved reproducibility
- Color discrimination
- Widely increased productivity
- Standardized reporting of urinalysis results
Familiarize the advantages of automation
- Standardize sample processing
- Report results with consistent quality
- Increase productivity
- Online computer capability with an LIS interface
- Barcoding
- Printed report
- Flagging abnormal results
- Storing patient and control results
- Minimal calibration, cleaning, and maintenance
Advantages of automation
Identify what advantages of automation:
minimize errors produced by personnel (e.g. time and color interpretation)
Increased productivity
Advantages of automation
Identify what advantages of automation:
- Laboratory information system
- Inputting compiled patient information/results to the system especially when dealing with different departments
Online computer capability with an LIS interface
Advantages of automation
Identify what advantages of automation:
Helps reduce patient misidentifications when it comes to samples
barcoding
Advantages of automation
Identify what advantages of automation:
Results generated by the machine
printed report
Advantages of automation
Meaning of LIS?
Online computer capability with an LIS interface
Laboratory Information System
Uses the principle that light reflection from the test pads decreases in proportion to the intensity of the color produced by the concentration of the test substance
Reflectance photometry
Reflectance photometry
(Directly or Inversely proportional)
Light reflection of test pads and Intensity of color produced by concentrationn
Inversely proportional?????
Reflectance photometry
Darker color = ?
effect to reflected light
Darker color = less light reflected
Reflectance photometry
Lighter color = ?
effect to reflected light
Lighter color = more light reflected
Reflectance photometry
Familiarize the components of reflectance photometry
- Monochromatic light source w/ filter
- Light emitting diode
- Photodetector
Reflectance photometry
All are components of reflectance photometry except
a. monochromator
b. filter
c. LED
d. photodetector
e. analog/digital converted
f. macroprocessor
g. ALL
h. NOTA
f. macroprocessor
should be MICROPROCESSOR
Reflectance photometry
Identify what component of reflectance photometry:
provides a specific wavelength for each test with a test pad color reaction (test pad surface)
Light emitting diode (LED)
Reflectance photometry
- Receives light coming from the photodetector
- Compares the reflected light to a standard already embedded in the machine
Analog/digital converter
Sequence of process of reflectance photometry?
- Light from LED
- Light to test pad surface
- Detection of reflection through photodetector
- Analogoue-digital converter receives refelction and compares to standard
- Goes through microprocessor
- Result
Arrange the sequence of equipments for reflectance photometry:
a. Detector
b. LED
c. Microprocessor
d. Test pad surface
e. Analogue-digital converter
(1) LED → (2) Test pad surface → (3) Detector → (4) Analogue-digital converter → (5) Microprocessor → RESULT
What are the types of Automated Instruments in Urinalysis?
- Semiautomated instruments
- Fully automated chemistry analyzer
- Automated urine cell microscopy analyzers
- Fully automated urine systems
types of Automated Instruments in Urinalysis
- depends on an operator for mixing, test strip dipping, and microscopic results input
- operator presses the “analyzeˮ button
semiautomated instruments
types of Automated Instruments in Urinalysis
- tubes are placed on a rack/carousel and are moved automatically through the instrument
- can be incorporated into automated urine cell microscopy analyzers to make it fully automated
fully automated chemistry analyzer
types of Automated Instruments in Urinalysis
- mix aspirate, dilute, and stain urine to classify urine sediment particles
- not considered a “full/complete urinalysisˮ since it only examines 1 phase of the testing procedure
Automated urine cell microscopy analyzers
types of Automated Instruments in Urinalysis
Integrates a fully automated chemistry analyzer with an automated urine cell microscopy analyzer (comes with a chemical and microscopic component)
fully automated urine systems
types of Automated Instruments in Urinalysis
Which of the following is NOT a job of the operator
a. specimen mixing
b. generates result
c. reagent strip dipping
d. clicks analyzer button
e. ALL
f. NOTA
semiautomated instruments
b. generates result
job yan nung instrument
types of Automated Instruments in Urinalysis
This integrate fully automated chemistry analyzer with automated urine cell microscopy analyzer
a. fully automated chemistry analyzer
b. automated urine cell microscopy analyzers
c. both
d. NOTA
d. NOTA
Fully automated urine systems is the correct answer
types of Automated Instruments in Urinalysis
Reads reagent strip results
a. fully automated chemistry analyzer
b. automated urine cell microscopy analyzers
c. fully automated urine systems
d. a and b
e. a and c
f. ALL
g. NOTA
e. a and c
types of Automated Instruments in Urinalysis
ONLY reads reagent strip results
a. fully automated chemistry analyzer
b. automated urine cell microscopy analyzers
c. fully automated urine systems
d. a and b
e. and c
f. ALL
g. NOTA
a. fully automated chemistry analyzer
types of Automated Instruments in Urinalysis
ONLY classifies urine sediment particles
a. fully automated chemistry analyzer
b. automated urine cell microscopy analyzers
c. fully automated urine systems
d. a and b
e. and c
f. ALL
g. NOTA
b. automated urine cell microscopy analyzers
types of Automated Instruments in Urinalysis
classify urine sediment particles
a. fully automated chemistry analyzer
b. automated urine cell microscopy analyzers
c. fully automated urine systems
d. a and b
e. b and c
f. ALL
g. NOTA
e. b and c
