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AUBF > M1: Urine Sediments (Part 2) > Flashcards

M1: Urine Sediments (Part 2) Flashcards

Bacteria, Yeast Cells, Parasites, Sperm, Mucus

1
Q

They are not usually present in urine but a few are usually present as a result of vaginal, urethral, external genitalia, or collection-container contamination

A

Bacteria

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2
Q

The bacteria may be present in the form of?

A

Cocci (spherical) or bacilli (rods)

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3
Q

Due to their small size, bacteria must be observed and reported using

magnification

A

High-power objective

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4
Q

How are bacteria reported in urine?

A

Few, moderate or many per high power field

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5
Q

To be considered significant for UTI, bacteria should be?

A

Accompanied by WBCs

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6
Q

____ distinguishes bacteria from amorphous materials?

A

Motility

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7
Q

The presence of bacteria can be indicative of?

A

Lower or upper UTI

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8
Q

Specimens containing increased bacteria and leukocytes are routinely followed up with?

A

A specimen for quantitative urine culture

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9
Q

The bacteria most frequently associated with UTI?

A

Enterobacteriaceae (referred to as gram-negative rods)

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10
Q
A
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11
Q

What cocci-shaped bacteria were also capable of causing UTI?

A

Staphylococcus and Enterococcus

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12
Q

T or F: The actual bacteria producing UTI cannot be identified with the microscopic examination

A

T

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13
Q

T or F: Bacteria is significant if specimen is properly collected and stored

A

T

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14
Q

Appear in the urine as small, ovoid, colorless (may resemble RBCs), and refractile oval structures that may or may not contain a bud

A

Yeast Cells

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15
Q
  • May appear as branched, mycelial forms in severe infections
  • Not soluble in acid and do not stain with supravital stains
A

Yeast Cells

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16
Q
A
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17
Q

Yeast Cells

Its presence in urine indicates what?

A

Contamination with vaginal secretions

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18
Q
  • Usually seen in pregnant and diabetic patients
  • Reported as rare, few, moderate or many per hpf
A

Yeast Cells

19
Q

Most commonly encountered yeast is

A

Candida albicans

20
Q

Seen in the urine of diabetic patients, immunocompromised patients, and women with vaginal moniliasis

A

Yeast Cells

21
Q

A true yeast infection should be accompanied by the presence of?

A

WBCs

22
Q

Most frequent parasite encountered in the urine

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

23
Q
  • A pear/turnip-shaped flagellate with an undulating membrane
  • Exhibits jerky motility in fresh urine
A

Trichomonas trophozoite

24
Q

Trichomonas is usually reported as?

A

Rare, few, moderate, or many per hpf

25
Q

T or F: When not mocing or non-motile, Trichomonas is easier to identify.

A

F

Kamukha niya WBC, transitional or RTE cell

26
Q

Parasites

A sexually transmitted pathogen associated primarily with vaginal inflammation.

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

27
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

T or F: Infection of male urethra and prostate is asymptomatic.

A

True the fire

28
Q

T or F: Males are often symptomatic carriers.

A

F

29
Q

The ova of the bladder parasite that has been associated with bladder cancer in other countries

A

Schistosoma haematobium

30
Q

The most common contaminant is the ova of this parasite usually from the perianal area

A

Enterobius vermicularis

31
Q

These are easily identified in the urine sediment by their oval, slightly tapered heads and long, flagella-like tails.

A

Spermatozoa

32
Q

T or F: Urine is toxic to spermatozoa.

A

T

33
Q

When are spermatozoa occasionally found in the urine of men and women?

A
  1. Sexual Intercourse
  2. Masturbation
  3. Nocturnal Emission
34
Q

T or F: Sperm is rarely of clinical significance.

A

True the fire

35
Q

In what case is sperm a case of clinical significance?

A

Male infertility or retrograde ejaculation

Sperm is expelled into the bladder instead of the urethra

36
Q

When there are increased amounts of semen, what would be the results of a reagent strip for protein?

A

Positive

37
Q

A protein material produced by the glands and epithelial cells of the lower genitourinary tract and the RTE cells

A

Mucus

38
Q

Immunologic analysis has shown that this is a major constituent of mucus

A

Uromodulin (Tamm Horsfall protein)

39
Q

A glycoprotein excreted by the RTE cells of the distal convoluted tubules and upper collecting ducts

A

Uromodulin (Tamm Horsfall protein)

40
Q

Appears microscopically as thread-like structures with a low refractive index

A

Mucus

41
Q

How are mucus threads reported?

A

Rare, few, moderate, or many per low power field

42
Q

T or F: More frequently present in male urine specimens.

A

F

Female yan and they’re increased in vaginal contamination

43
Q

Mucus or Mucus Threads

T or F: They are of clinical significance in females, but not in males.

A

F

They’re of no clinical significance in both

44
Q

If you see this card

A

Send Shen a photo of Park Jisung <3

AUBF (45 decks)

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