LIPIDS : Lipoproteins I

Question 1

Transport lipid throughout the body ; attached with APOLIPOPROTEINS

Answer 1

Lipoproteins

Question 2

1. Activate enzymes to aid in lipid metabolism
2. Maintain structural integrity of lipoprotein
3. Enhance cellular uptake of lipoproteins

Answer 2

Apolipoproteins

Question 3

Used in the assessment of Atherosclerosis and CAD

Answer 3

lipoproteins

Question 4

Lipoprotein Metabolic Enzymes:

Hydrolyzes TG to glycerol, monoglycerol and Fatty acids

Answer 4

Lipoprotein Lipase

Question 5

Lipoprotein Metabolic Enzymes:

Hydrolyzes TAG and Phospholipids from HDL ; Lipids in VLDL and LDL

Answer 5

Hepatic Lipase

Question 6

Lipoprotein Metabolic Enzymes:

Converts free cholesterol to CE (cholesterol esterase; transferrable form)

Answer 6

LCAT
Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase

Question 7

Lipoprotein Metabolic Enzymes:

Hydrolyzes HDL for the RELEASE TG and Phospholipids

Answer 7

Endothelial lipase

Question 8

Lipoprotein Metabolic Enzymes:

For EFFLUX of cholesterol from peripheral tissues in HDL

Answer 8

ATP-binding cassette protein A1 (ABCA1)

Question 9

Lipid Metabolism:

Free fatty acids are taken up by the muscles and adipose tissue

Answer 9

Dietary or exogenous pathway of lipid transport

Question 10

Lipoprotein Metabolic Enzymes:

LPL liberates fatty acid from TAG, reducing size CM to become CM remnants which are taken up by LIVER

Answer 10

Dietary or exogenous pathway of lipid transport

Question 11

Lipoprotein Metabolism:

Production of TAG from free fatty acids by the liver with the SYNTHESIS OF VLDL

Answer 11

Endogenous Pathway

Question 12

Lipoprotein Metabolism:

VLDL are converted to ____can be removed by the liver by ______ or converted to cholesterol rich LDL

Answer 12

IDL
Apo E

Question 13

Lipoprotein Metabolism:

HDL particles mobilize Cholesterol from tissues into circulation for exchange with VLDL for further metabolism or back to liver for EXCRETION

Answer 13

Reverse Cholesterol Transport Pathway

Question 14

Major Lipoproteins

Answer 14

Chylomicrons
VLDL
LDL
HDL

Question 15

Major Lipoproteins:

Largest and least Dense
Produced in the Intestine

Answer 15

Chylomicrons

Question 16

Major Lipoproteins:

delivers DIETARY LIPIDS to hepatic and peripheral cells

Answer 16

Chylomicrons

Question 17

Major Lipoproteins:

Predominant lipid content of Chylomicrons

Answer 17

Triglycerides

Question 18

Major Lipoproteins:

Major apolipoproteins of Chylomicrons

Answer 18

Apo B48
Apo A1
Apo C
Apo E

Question 19

Major Lipoproteins:

AKA Pre Beta Lipoprotein

Answer 19

VLDL

Question 20

Major Lipoproteins:

Secreted in the Liver (endogenous)
Transport ENDOGENOUS TAG from liver to peripheral tissues

Answer 20

VLDL

Question 21

Major Lipoproteins:

VLDL apolipoproteins

Answer 21

Apo B100
Apo C
Apo E

Question 22

Major Lipoproteins:

AKA Beta Lipoproteins

Answer 22

LDL

Question 23

Major Lipoproteins:

Major catabolic end product of VLDL
Constitute about 50% of total lipoproteins in plasma

Answer 23

LDL

Question 24

Major Lipoproteins:

Primary target of cholesterol lowering therapy and PRIMARY MARK FOR CHD RISK

Answer 24

LDL (Bad cholesterol)

Question 25

Major Lipoproteins: Major apolipoproteins of LDL

Answer 25

Apo B100 Apo E

Question 26

Major Lipoproteins: AKA: Alpha Lipoprotein

Answer 26

HDL

Question 27

Major Lipoproteins: Smallest and Most Dense Produced in the Liver and Intestine

Answer 27

HDL

Question 28

Major Lipoproteins: Transports excess cholesterol from tissues back to liver

Answer 28

HDL

Question 29

Major Lipoproteins: HDL __ transport more effectively and is more CARDIOPROTECTIVE

Answer 29

HDL 2

Question 30

Major Lipoproteins: CDC reference method for HDL

Answer 30

Ultracentrigufation precipitated with heparin (Manganese chloride) Abell Kendall Assay

Question 31

Minor Lipoproteins

Answer 31

IDL Lp (a) / Lipoprotein A

Question 32

Minor Lipoproteins: Product of VLDL catabolism or 'VLDL remnant"

Answer 32

IDL

Question 33

Minor Lipoproteins: Migrates between pre-B or Beta region

Answer 33

IDL

Question 34

Minor Lipoproteins: Defective Clearance IDL due to deficiency of Apo E-III

Answer 34

Type 3 Hyperlipoproteinemia

Question 35

Minor Lipoproteins Major apolipoproteins of IDL

Answer 35

Apo B100

Question 36

Minor Lipoproteins: AKA: SINKING Pre-B Liporotein

Answer 36

Lp (a)

Question 37

Minor Lipoproteins LDL variant that has molecule of Apo (a) linked to Apo B-100 by disulfide bonds

Answer 37

Lipoprotein (a)

Question 38

Minor Lipoproteins Independent risk factors for atherosclerosis Increased levels in PREMATURE CHD and STROKE

Answer 38

Lp (a)

Question 39

Minor Lipoproteins Electrophoretic mobility like: VLDL Density like: LDL

Answer 39

Lp (a)

Question 40

Abnormal Lipoproteins

Answer 40

Lipoprotein X (LpX) B-VLDL

Question 41

Abnormal Lipoproteins: Found in obstructive Jaundice and LCAT deficiency

Answer 41

LpX

Question 42

Abnormal Lipoproteins: Specific and sensitive indicator of cholestasis Lipid content is mostly Phospholipids and free cholesterol

Answer 42

LpX

Question 43

Abnormal Lipoproteins: Contains albumin and Apo C

Answer 43

LpX

Question 44

Abnormal Lipoproteins: AKA Floating B-Lipoprotein

Answer 44

B-VLDL

Question 45

Abnormal Lipoproteins: Abnormally migrating B-VLDL, cholesterol-rich VLDL

Answer 45

B-VLDL

Question 46

Abnormal Lipoproteins: Electrophoretic mobility like: LDL Density like: VLDL Found in Type 3 Hyperlipoproteinemia/Dysbetalipoproteinemia

Answer 46

B-VLDL

Question 47

Density: < 0.95

Answer 47

Chylomicrons

Question 48

Density: 0.95 - 1.006

Answer 48

VLDL

Question 49

Density: 1.019 - 1.063

Answer 49

LDL

Question 50

Density: 1.063 - 1.21

Answer 50

HDL