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CLINICAL CHEMISTRY > LIPIDS : Lipoproteins I > Flashcards

LIPIDS : Lipoproteins I Flashcards

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1
Q

Transport lipid throughout the body ; attached with APOLIPOPROTEINS

A

Lipoproteins

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2
Q
  1. Activate enzymes to aid in lipid metabolism
  2. Maintain structural integrity of lipoprotein
  3. Enhance cellular uptake of lipoproteins
A

Apolipoproteins

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3
Q

Used in the assessment of Atherosclerosis and CAD

A

lipoproteins

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4
Q

Lipoprotein Metabolic Enzymes:

Hydrolyzes TG to glycerol, monoglycerol and Fatty acids

A

Lipoprotein Lipase

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5
Q

Lipoprotein Metabolic Enzymes:

Hydrolyzes TAG and Phospholipids from HDL ; Lipids in VLDL and LDL

A

Hepatic Lipase

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6
Q

Lipoprotein Metabolic Enzymes:

Converts free cholesterol to CE (cholesterol esterase; transferrable form)

A

LCAT
Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase

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7
Q

Lipoprotein Metabolic Enzymes:

Hydrolyzes HDL for the RELEASE TG and Phospholipids

A

Endothelial lipase

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8
Q

Lipoprotein Metabolic Enzymes:

For EFFLUX of cholesterol from peripheral tissues in HDL

A

ATP-binding cassette protein A1 (ABCA1)

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9
Q

Lipid Metabolism:

Free fatty acids are taken up by the muscles and adipose tissue

A

Dietary or exogenous pathway of lipid transport

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10
Q

Lipoprotein Metabolic Enzymes:

LPL liberates fatty acid from TAG, reducing size CM to become CM remnants which are taken up by LIVER

A

Dietary or exogenous pathway of lipid transport

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11
Q

Lipoprotein Metabolism:

Production of TAG from free fatty acids by the liver with the SYNTHESIS OF VLDL

A

Endogenous Pathway

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12
Q

Lipoprotein Metabolism:

VLDL are converted to ____can be removed by the liver by ______ or converted to cholesterol rich LDL

A

IDL
Apo E

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13
Q

Lipoprotein Metabolism:

HDL particles mobilize Cholesterol from tissues into circulation for exchange with VLDL for further metabolism or back to liver for EXCRETION

A

Reverse Cholesterol Transport Pathway

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14
Q

Major Lipoproteins

A

Chylomicrons
VLDL
LDL
HDL

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15
Q

Major Lipoproteins:

Largest and least Dense
Produced in the Intestine

A

Chylomicrons

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16
Q

Major Lipoproteins:

delivers DIETARY LIPIDS to hepatic and peripheral cells

A

Chylomicrons

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17
Q

Major Lipoproteins:

Predominant lipid content of Chylomicrons

A

Triglycerides

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18
Q

Major Lipoproteins:

Major apolipoproteins of Chylomicrons

A

Apo B48
Apo A1
Apo C
Apo E

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19
Q

Major Lipoproteins:

AKA Pre Beta Lipoprotein

A

VLDL

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20
Q

Major Lipoproteins:

Secreted in the Liver (endogenous)
Transport ENDOGENOUS TAG from liver to peripheral tissues

A

VLDL

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21
Q

Major Lipoproteins:

VLDL apolipoproteins

A

Apo B100
Apo C
Apo E

22
Q

Major Lipoproteins:

AKA Beta Lipoproteins

A

LDL

23
Q

Major Lipoproteins:

Major catabolic end product of VLDL
Constitute about 50% of total lipoproteins in plasma

A

LDL

24
Q

Major Lipoproteins:

Primary target of cholesterol lowering therapy and PRIMARY MARK FOR CHD RISK

A

LDL (Bad cholesterol)

25
Q

Major Lipoproteins:

Major apolipoproteins of LDL

A

Apo B100
Apo E

26
Q

Major Lipoproteins:

AKA: Alpha Lipoprotein

A

HDL

27
Q

Major Lipoproteins:

Smallest and Most Dense
Produced in the Liver and Intestine

A

HDL

28
Q

Major Lipoproteins:

Transports excess cholesterol from tissues back to liver

A

HDL

29
Q

Major Lipoproteins:

HDL __ transport more effectively and is more CARDIOPROTECTIVE

A

HDL 2

30
Q

Major Lipoproteins:

CDC reference method for HDL

A

Ultracentrigufation precipitated with heparin (Manganese chloride)

Abell Kendall Assay

31
Q

Minor Lipoproteins

A

IDL
Lp (a) / Lipoprotein A

32
Q

Minor Lipoproteins:

Product of VLDL catabolism or ‘VLDL remnant”

A

IDL

33
Q

Minor Lipoproteins:

Migrates between pre-B or Beta region

A

IDL

34
Q

Minor Lipoproteins:

Defective Clearance IDL due to deficiency of Apo E-III

A

Type 3 Hyperlipoproteinemia

35
Q

Minor Lipoproteins

Major apolipoproteins of IDL

A

Apo B100

36
Q

Minor Lipoproteins:

AKA: SINKING Pre-B Liporotein

A

Lp (a)

37
Q

Minor Lipoproteins

LDL variant that has molecule of Apo (a) linked to Apo B-100 by disulfide bonds

A

Lipoprotein (a)

38
Q

Minor Lipoproteins

Independent risk factors for atherosclerosis

Increased levels in PREMATURE CHD and STROKE

A

Lp (a)

39
Q

Minor Lipoproteins

Electrophoretic mobility like: VLDL
Density like: LDL

A

Lp (a)

40
Q

Abnormal Lipoproteins

A

Lipoprotein X (LpX)
B-VLDL

41
Q

Abnormal Lipoproteins:

Found in obstructive Jaundice and LCAT deficiency

A

LpX

42
Q

Abnormal Lipoproteins:

Specific and sensitive indicator of cholestasis

Lipid content is mostly Phospholipids and free cholesterol

A

LpX

43
Q

Abnormal Lipoproteins:

Contains albumin and Apo C

A

LpX

44
Q

Abnormal Lipoproteins:

AKA Floating B-Lipoprotein

A

B-VLDL

45
Q

Abnormal Lipoproteins:

Abnormally migrating B-VLDL, cholesterol-rich VLDL

A

B-VLDL

46
Q

Abnormal Lipoproteins:

Electrophoretic mobility like: LDL
Density like: VLDL

Found in Type 3 Hyperlipoproteinemia/Dysbetalipoproteinemia

A

B-VLDL

47
Q

Density:

< 0.95

A

Chylomicrons

48
Q

Density:

0.95 - 1.006

A

VLDL

49
Q

Density:

1.019 - 1.063

A

LDL

50
Q

Density:

1.063 - 1.21

A

HDL

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY (29 decks)

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