Endocrine: Thyroid

Question 1

Butterfly shaped gland

Answer 1

Thyrooid

Question 2

Lobes are connected by a narrow band called

Answer 2

Isthmus

Question 3

Thyroid is regulated by

Answer 3

TSH (pituitary)
TRH (Hypothalamus)

Question 4

Fundamental Structural unit of thyroid gland

Answer 4

Thyroid Follicle

Question 5

2 types of cell found in thyroid

Answer 5

Parafollicular cells
Follicular cells

Question 6

Parafollicular Cells/C-cells

Answer 6

Calcitonin

Question 7

Follicular Cells

Answer 7

T3, T4, rT3

Question 8

acts as preformed matrix containing Tyrosyl groups

Answer 8

Thyroglobulin

Question 9

Iodide + Thyroglobulin + Tyrosine

Answer 9

Diodotyrosine (DIT)

Question 10

Iodine + Thyroglobulin + Tyrosine

Answer 10

Monoiodotyrosine (MIT)

Question 11

MIT + DIT

Answer 11

T3

Question 12

DIT + DIT

Answer 12

T4

Question 13

most abundant form of iodotyrosine

Answer 13

Type 1 Iodotyrosine 5-deiododinase

Question 14

responsible for the largest contribution to circulating T3 Pool

Answer 14

Type 1 Iodotyrosine 5-deiododinase

Question 15

Thyroid Hormone:

Most abundant thyroid hormone
Prohormone T3

Answer 15

T4

Question 16

Inactive form
Good Indicator thyroid secretory rate
Negative Feedback TSH

Answer 16

T4

Question 17

Most metabolically active
Used to confirm Hyperthyroidism and T3 thyrotoxicosis

Answer 17

T3

Question 18

Better indicator recovery hyperthyroidism

Answer 18

T3

Question 19

First abnormality seen in cases of hyperthyroidism

Answer 19

T3

Question 20

Total T3 and Total T4 measurement uses

Answer 20

1. Radioimmunoassay
2. Chemiluminometric assay
   immunometric assay

Question 21

Non-protein bound ; Metabolically active

evaluate Subacute Hypo/Hyperthyroidism

Answer 21

FT3
FT4

Question 22

Product of inner ring deiododination T4
- Inactive
- Increased in Non-thyroidal illness/Euthyroid Sick syndrome
- assess borderline/Conflicting resukts

Answer 22

rT3

Question 23

Thyroid hormone from Hypothalamus

Negative Feedback of TSH

Secretion GH and PRL

Answer 23

TRH

Question 24

Exhibits diurnal Secretion

2-4 am HIGH
5-6 pm LOW

Secreted from Anterior Pituitary Gland

Synthesized T3 and T4

Answer 24

TSH

Question 25

MOST IMPORTANT TEST FOR THYROID FUNCTION

Answer 25

TSH

Question 26

Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein:

Main serum carrier T3 and T4

Answer 26

TBG (Thyroxine-binding Globulin)

Question 27

Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein:

Liver Disease
Genetic Deficiency
Drugs
Pregnancy and Newborn

Answer 27

Increased TBG

Question 28

Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein:

Liver Failure
Drug Administration (Androgen and Glucocorticoids)
Malnutrition
Genetic
Nephritic Syndrome

Answer 28

Decreased TBG

Question 29

Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein:

Transports 15-20% total T4
Decreased in Malnutrition

Answer 29

Thyroid-Binding Prealbumin

Question 30

Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein:

Transports T3
10% T4
Decreased in malnutrition

Answer 30

Thyroxine-binding Albumin

Question 31

Thyroid Autoantibodies:

Tissue destruction

Answer 31

Thyroperoxidase (TPO) / Antimicrosomal Ab

Question 32

Thyroid Autoantibodies:

causes decreased in T3 T4

Answer 32

TPO / Antimicrosomal
Tg (Thyroglobulin)

Question 33

Thyroid Autoantibodies:

causes increased in T3 and T4
Graves Disease

Answer 33

TSH Receptor Antibody (TRAb)