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CLINICAL CHEMISTRY > Endocrine: Thyroid > Flashcards

Endocrine: Thyroid Flashcards

1
Q

Butterfly shaped gland

A

Thyrooid

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2
Q

Lobes are connected by a narrow band called

A

Isthmus

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3
Q

Thyroid is regulated by

A

TSH (pituitary)
TRH (Hypothalamus)

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4
Q

Fundamental Structural unit of thyroid gland

A

Thyroid Follicle

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5
Q

2 types of cell found in thyroid

A

Parafollicular cells
Follicular cells

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6
Q

Parafollicular Cells/C-cells

A

Calcitonin

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7
Q

Follicular Cells

A

T3, T4, rT3

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8
Q

acts as preformed matrix containing Tyrosyl groups

A

Thyroglobulin

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9
Q

Iodide + Thyroglobulin + Tyrosine

A

Diodotyrosine (DIT)

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10
Q

Iodine + Thyroglobulin + Tyrosine

A

Monoiodotyrosine (MIT)

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11
Q

MIT + DIT

A

T3

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12
Q

DIT + DIT

A

T4

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13
Q

most abundant form of iodotyrosine

A

Type 1 Iodotyrosine 5-deiododinase

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14
Q

responsible for the largest contribution to circulating T3 Pool

A

Type 1 Iodotyrosine 5-deiododinase

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15
Q

Thyroid Hormone:

Most abundant thyroid hormone
Prohormone T3

A

T4

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16
Q

Inactive form
Good Indicator thyroid secretory rate
Negative Feedback TSH

17
Q

Most metabolically active
Used to confirm Hyperthyroidism and T3 thyrotoxicosis

18
Q

Better indicator recovery hyperthyroidism

19
Q

First abnormality seen in cases of hyperthyroidism

20
Q

Total T3 and Total T4 measurement uses

A
  1. Radioimmunoassay
  2. Chemiluminometric assay
    immunometric assay
21
Q

Non-protein bound ; Metabolically active

evaluate Subacute Hypo/Hyperthyroidism

22
Q

Product of inner ring deiododination T4
- Inactive
- Increased in Non-thyroidal illness/Euthyroid Sick syndrome
- assess borderline/Conflicting resukts

23
Q

Thyroid hormone from Hypothalamus

Negative Feedback of TSH

Secretion GH and PRL

24
Q

Exhibits diurnal Secretion

2-4 am HIGH
5-6 pm LOW

Secreted from Anterior Pituitary Gland

Synthesized T3 and T4

25
Q

MOST IMPORTANT TEST FOR THYROID FUNCTION

26
Q

Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein:

Main serum carrier T3 and T4

A

TBG (Thyroxine-binding Globulin)

27
Q

Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein:

Liver Disease
Genetic Deficiency
Drugs
Pregnancy and Newborn

A

Increased TBG

28
Q

Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein:

Liver Failure
Drug Administration (Androgen and Glucocorticoids)
Malnutrition
Genetic
Nephritic Syndrome

A

Decreased TBG

29
Q

Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein:

Transports 15-20% total T4
Decreased in Malnutrition

A

Thyroid-Binding Prealbumin

30
Q

Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein:

Transports T3
10% T4
Decreased in malnutrition

A

Thyroxine-binding Albumin

31
Q

Thyroid Autoantibodies:

Tissue destruction

A

Thyroperoxidase (TPO) / Antimicrosomal Ab

32
Q

Thyroid Autoantibodies:

causes decreased in T3 T4

A

TPO / Antimicrosomal
Tg (Thyroglobulin)

33
Q

Thyroid Autoantibodies:

causes increased in T3 and T4
Graves Disease

A

TSH Receptor Antibody (TRAb)

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY (29 decks)

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