Lipids I Flashcards
functions of lipids
energy storage formation of biological membranes protein modification signal transduction digestion of food
what are lipids used for energy storage derived from
fatty acids.
what do fatty acids consist of
alkyl chain with terminal carboxyl group
saturate fats
have no double bonds
what do desaturases generate
FAs in the cis configuation
double bonds resulting from hydrogenation have what configuration
trans
human FA desaturases can only introduce double bonds where
in proximal half of molcules
what are the 2 classes of essential faty acids
linolenic acid or linoleic acid
function of triacyglycerals
stoarge of metabolic inergy
can TAGS be transported
no
where does degration of GA into acetyl CoA occur
inside mitochondra
first step of FA uptake into mitochondria
activate FA by bindign to coenzyme A using acyl CoA synthase
how do you get FA accross the inner mitochondral membrane
CPT 1transfer the acyl group from CoA to carnine.
transolcate moves acyl carnitine into mitochondrial matrix
how does resyntehsis of acyl CoA happen
CPT II transferse acyl group from carntine back to CoA
where is CPT i located
outer membrane
where is CPT II located
inner membrane
degradation of palmitic acid yield what
106 ATP
what is unique about degration of unsaturated FA
proceeds via beta oxidation but requires additional enzymes to isomerize the double bonds
the initial oxidation of fatty acyl-CoA in peroxisomes in catalyzed by what
an oxidase system that generates H2O2 instead of FADH
symptoms of MCAD deficiency
non ketotic hypoglycemia
life threatening
Refsum disease is caused by what
problems with alpha oxidation of branches FA phytanic acid
symptoms of Refsum disease
neurological defect
cause of Zellweger syndrome
inability to produce functional peroxisomes
can the brain use fatty acids directly
no
what is the commited step of synthesis of keton bodies in liver
HMG-CoA lyase
what is the committed step of degradation of ketone bodies outside the liver
acetoacetate:succinyl-CoA transferase
