Acid Base Flashcards
What is the henderson hassalbach equativon
pH= Pka +log (A-) /(HA)
what is the normal blood pH
7.35 - 7.45
what is the noraml cytoplasmic pH
6.9- 7.4
how is Correct pH maintained
chemical buffering
regulation of blood CO 2by lungs
regulation of blood HCO3 by kidney
what is the faster way to maintain correct pH
chemical buffering
what is the slowest way to maintain correct pH
regulation of blood HCO3 by kindey
what is a buffer
soltuion of weak acid adn conguate base
if pH is equal to pKa then what
weak acid in 50% dissociated
if pH is less than pKa then what
acid form predominates
if pH is great than pKa then what
base form predominates
when do weak acids buffer best
at pH near their pKa
what does buffering capacity depend on
conc of weak acid adn cognate base
what is the main intracellular buffer
phosphate buffer system
what is the main buffer system in the blood
bicabonate CO2 buffer
an increase of PP of CO2 results in what
reduces pH
bicarb buffer system equation
pH = 6.1 + log(HCO3/CO2)
what does Henry’s law do
relate conc of dissolved gas and partial pressure of that case
acidemia
blood pH
alkalemia
blood pH > 7.45
acidosis
process tending to lower blood pH
alkalosis
process tending to raise blood pH
respiratory acidosis
acidosis due to increase pp of CO2
metabolic acidosis
acidosis due to a decrease in HCO3
respiratory alkalosis
alkalosis due to decrease pp of CO2
metabolic alkalosis
alkalosis due to an incrase in HCO3
examples of respiratory acidosis
asthma, bronchitis, obestiry, sedatives/anesthetics
examples of repiratory alkalosis
anxiety/pain
high altitude
mechanical hyperventilation
examples of metabolic acidosis
renal failure
methanol posioning
diabetic ketoacidosis
examples of metabolic alkalosis
acute alkali admin
vomiting
gastric aspiration
diuretics
