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CLINICAL CHEMISTRY 2 > LIPASE > Flashcards

LIPASE Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the chemical name of LIPASE?

A

Triacylglycerol Acylhydrolase

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2
Q

What is the systematic name of Lipase?

A

E.C.3.1.1.3

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3
Q

Why can’t LIPASE be seen in the urine?

A

Because lipase is absorbant to the circulation.

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4
Q

What is needed for the full catalytic activity of LIPASE?

A

Bile salts and cofactor (colipase)

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5
Q

What is the reaction catalyzed of Lipase?

A

The long chain fatty acids of glycerol esters.

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6
Q

What do you call the water-insoluble substances that lipase only acts on?

A

Emulsified substrate

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7
Q

Lipase requires access to ____________ that’s why
the emulsion of this will increase the
surface of lipids causing now a more
effective lipase activity.

A

Lipid

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8
Q

What is the importance of Lipase?

A

Responsible for triglyceride metabolism

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9
Q

If lipase acted on triglycerides, what would be the product/products.

A

Free fatty acids + glycerol

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10
Q

What are the examples of TAG-rich molecules?

A

Chylomicrons and VLDL

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11
Q

What is the major tissue source of lipase? How many times is the increase?

A

Pancreas; 9,000 folds

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12
Q

What is/are the tissue source of LIPASE?

A

PANCREAS
GIT
LEUKOCYTES
ADIPOSE CELLS
COLOSTRUM

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13
Q

In the methods of determination of LIPASE, what are the specimen used?

A

Serum
Pleural fluid
Ascitic fluid

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14
Q

What are the inhibitors in the methods of determination of lipase?

A

Heavy metals
Quinine
Esterase inhibitors

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15
Q

What does not inhibit the lipase?

A

fluoride or arsenilate

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16
Q

What increases the concentration of LPS?

A

Bacterium

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17
Q

Which phase is the bacteria rapidly multiplying?

A

Exponential/Log phase

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18
Q

Give examples of lipase-producing bacteria

A

Bacillus,
Pseudomonas,
Burkholderia mallei,
Burkholderia pseudomallei,
Streptomyces

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19
Q

This is the phase where the bacteria is adjusting to a new environment.

A

Lag phase

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20
Q

This is the phase where rapid multiplication of
bacteria takes place

A

Log / exponential phase

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21
Q

This is the phase where balance of multiplication and death.

A

Plateau phase

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22
Q

This is the best substrate for LPS determination

A

Long-Chain Triglycerol Substrate

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23
Q

fatty acid is titrated w/ alkali
solution

A

Titrimetric methods

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24
Q

This is the most common alkali solution

A

Sodium hydroxide

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25
Q

What would be form in the titrimetric method?n

A

Acid

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26
Q

What would acid do?

A

acid-formation will change the pH together
with the volume of the reagents that we used
in the test.

27
Q

What substrate does cherry crandall use?

A

Olive oil

28
Q

Incubate serum sample w/ olive oil –
serum sample contains the lipase that will
hydrolyze the olive oil

A

Cherry Crandall

29
Q

What are the several modifications of the Titrimetric method?

A

Cherry Crandall
Tietz-Fiereck
Bands and Ketty

30
Q

titration is carried out by ___________?

A

Potentiometry

31
Q

titration is carried out by potentiometry

A

pH meter

32
Q

emulsion of fats produces milky
appearance.

A

Turbidimetric Methods

33
Q
  • A lot simpler and more rapid method
    than Titrimetric method.
  • Look at turbidity from the hydrolysis
    of TAG by lipase.
  • Formation of free fatty acids will
    cause the turbidity of the reaction
    mixture.
  • The more turbid, the more lipase
A

Turbidimetric Methods

34
Q

What modification of the turbidimetric method uses olive oil as a substrate?

A

Vogel & Zieve
Shihabi & Bishop

35
Q

What subtrate does DuPont ACA Method use?

A

Triolein

36
Q

In Rosital Diffusion method, the enzyme is buffered into ________________.

A

agarose gel w/ deoxycholate & olive oil
emulsion

37
Q

At what temp is sample/serum incubated overnight in rosital diffusion method?

A

37°C

38
Q

What would be the end point of the RDM?

A

presence of clear
zone around the well.

39
Q

Describe lipase in relation to the diameter.

A

Diameter is directly proportional
to lipase concentration.
THE
HIGHER THE DIAMETER,
THE HIGHER LIPASE
CONCENTRATION will be.

40
Q

incorporate sodium deoxycholate, CaCl2, colipase

A

Ziogenhean et. al. (Hoffman & Weiss):

41
Q

fatty acids are extracted
using Petroleum (solvent that will exact free fatty
acids) ether.

A

Myrtle & Zell Method:

42
Q

What is the chemical name of Fluorescein?

A

4-methyl bellifuzone

43
Q

What is the endpoint if fluorimetric method?

A

the change in fluorescence
that is proportional to lipase activity.

44
Q

Enumerate the methods under LONG-CHAIN TRIGLYCEROL SUBSTRATE.

A

Titrimetric Methods
Turbidimetric Methods
Spectrophotometric Method
Fluorometric Method

45
Q

What are the advantages of short-chain Tryglycerol substrate?

A

Analytical
greater solubility in
aqueous medium

46
Q

What is the disadvantage of short-chain TG substrate?

A

unphysiologic substrate

47
Q

What is the substrate of erlanson and bergstrom use?

A

Tributyrin

48
Q

This method uses tributyrin

A

Erlanson & Bergstrom

49
Q

makes use of 1251-labeled
lipase

A

Radio-immunoassay

50
Q

serves as a tracer for lipase
activity

A

1251 label

51
Q

This refers to antibodies to pancreatic lipase
are bound to latex particles.

A

Latex Agglutination

52
Q

Free Fatty Acids are mostly used and will be
further catalyzed by other enzymes, until
there is an end product which is usually a chromogen formation.

A

Coupled enzymatic method

53
Q

In the coupled enzymatic method, what would be the end product?

A

Chromogen formation

54
Q

According to Henry and Tietz, how long would the lipase activity decreases/normalize?

A

Henry : 8-14days
Tietz : 7-14 days

55
Q

caused
by peritoneal absorption of pancreatic enzymes due
to perforation (‘butas’), causing a leakage of
pancreatic enzymes to other tissues surrounding
them.

A

Perforated Peptic Ulcer & Duodenal Ulcer

56
Q

may lead to stress on the
pancreas that will result in ischemia, then later on,
release of pancreatic enzymes into the circulation.

A

Intestinal Obstruction

57
Q

NOT ELEVATED in Mumps

A

Mesenteric Vascular Obstruction

58
Q

Enumerate the cause of lipase elevation

A

Perforated Peptic Ulcer & Duodenal Ulcer –
Intestinal Obstruction
Mesenteric Vascular Obstruction

59
Q

there is continuous depleted
damage to the pancreas, and there is a possible
scarring of the pancreas which will decrease the
production of pancreatic enzymes.

A

Chronic Pancreatitis

60
Q

an inherited/genetic condition. Production of thick mucous that can cover the
pancreas which can impair the ability of pancreatic
enzymes.

A

Cystic Fibrosis

61
Q

causes extensive damage to
the pancreas leading to the decrease activity of
pancreatic enzymes.

A

Pancreatic Cancer

62
Q

increased level of
triglycerides caused by the low concentration of lipase in our body

A

Hypertriglyceridemia

63
Q

Enumerate the inhibitors of lipase

A

Chronic Pancreatitis
Cystic Fibrosis
Pancreatic Cancer
Hypertriglyceridemia

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY 2 (14 decks)

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