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CLINICAL CHEMISTRY 2 > AMS > Flashcards

AMS Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the systematic name of amylase?

A

E.C.3.2.1.1

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2
Q

What is the chemical name of AMS?

A

a-1,4-glucan-4-glucanohydrolase

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3
Q

What does the amylase hydrolyze?

A

1,4-a-glucocidic linkage in
polysaccharides.

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4
Q

The only enzyme that can be found in the urine

A

Amylase

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5
Q

What is the MW of amylase?

A

45,000

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6
Q

What is the optimum pH of Amylase?

A

Optimum pH: 6.9 – 7.0 in serum

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7
Q

Without this, amylase cannot perform its duty.

A

Calcium

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8
Q

Where is the amylase secreted in the pancreas?

A

Acinar cells

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9
Q

Responsible in the hydrolysis of starch from the food
that we eat.

A

Salivary gland

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10
Q

Small amount of Amylase can be found

A

SEMINAL FLUID, TESTIS, OVARIES, FALLOPIAN TUBES, STRIATED
MUSCLE, LUNGS AND ADIPOSE TISSUE

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11
Q

first milk produced by a lactating
mother

A

Colostrum

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12
Q

it hydrolyses the 1,4-a-glucocidic
linkage to form the following 3 products:

A

a. Glucose
b. Maltose
c. Dextrin

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13
Q

What are the reactions catalyzed by amylase?

A

Starch digestion
Splits complex CHO made up of a-D glucose units

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14
Q

 Inhibited by monoclonal antibody
 Inhibited by protein isolated from wheat
 Accounts for the 2/3 of the Amylase activity in
the normal serum

A

S-type Isoamylase

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15
Q

Fastest migrating in electrophoresis

A

S1 isoamylase

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16
Q

 Inhibited by monoclonal antibody
 Not inhibited by protein isolated from wheat

A

P-type Isoamylase (Pancreas)

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17
Q

What is the most common fraction type of isoenzyme?

A

P2, S1 AND S2

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18
Q

What p-type isoenzyme is predominant in cases of acute pancreatitis?

A

P3

19
Q

Abnormal amylase in combination with Immunoglobulins
(IgA or IgG) or other high MW proteins can also bind to Stype isoenzyme

A

Macroamylase

20
Q

What specific immunoglobulins do abnormal amylase combine to?

A

IgA OR IgG

21
Q

Sudden inflammation of the pancreas causing
abdominal pain.

A

Acute pancreatitis

22
Q

Predisposal for acute pancreatitis

A

Alcoholism

23
Q

Cause of ACUTE PANCREATITIS?

A

Gallstone formation

24
Q

Viral infection (Paramyxoviridae) that mainly
effect the parotid gland and the salivary gland

A

Mumps

25
Q

Two-folds increase

A

Perforated peptic ulcer

26
Q

Three-folds increase

A

Appendicitis

27
Q

Mimics acute pancreatitis

A

Ruptured ectopic pregnancy

28
Q

 Tear in the inner layer of the aorta took place
 Mimic acute pancreatitis

A

Dissecting aortic aneurysm

29
Q

Example of billiary tract disease.

A

Cholecystitis

30
Q

Four-folds increase in the
ULN of Amylase

A

Billiary tract disease

31
Q

Improved the reaction stoichiometry – employ the
use of small oligosaccharide as a substrate.

A

CONTINUOS MONITORING METHOD

32
Q

more controlled and consistent hydrolysis
conditions

A

CONTINUOS MONITORING METHOD

33
Q

Saccharogenic is by?

A

Nelson Somoyogi modification by Henry and
Chiamon

34
Q

-
Uses starch as a substrate
-
It measures the appearance of products

A

Saccharogenic

35
Q

Hydrolysis of starch by amylase causes a decrease
in color intensity

A

Amyloclastic (iodometric method)

36
Q

Starch attached to chromogenic dye to form an
insoluble dye substrate complex.

A

Chromogenic (Klein, Foreman, Searcy)

37
Q

Counterpart of Amyloclastic because we are looking at the color intensity (pagkaroon ng kulay)

A

Chromogenic (Klein, Foreman, Searcy)

38
Q

Measures the change in turbidity of starch solution
over a short reaction period.

A

Turbidimetry and Nephelometry (Peralta and Reinhart)

39
Q

waste product of normal/physiological
muscle metabolism

A

Creatinine

40
Q

Normal amylase/ creatinine ratio:

A

1.0% - 4.0% (0.01 –
0.04)

41
Q

A:C ratio (Acute pancreatitis) =

A

> 4.0% (Up to15%)

42
Q

Enumerate the sources of amylase

A

Pancreas
Salivary gland

43
Q

Enumerate the most effective activators of amylase

A

Bromide
Chloride

44
Q

HISTORICAL METHOD OF AMYLASE

A

Saccharogenic
Amyloclastic (Iodometric method)
Chromogenic (Klein, Foreman, Searcy)
Turbidimetry and Nephelometry (Peralta and Reinhart)

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY 2 (14 decks)

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