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CLINICAL CHEMISTRY 2 > LESSON 2 > Flashcards

LESSON 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

This way of naming the enzymes is formulated by IUB and IUPAC.

A

Standard system

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2
Q

Transcribe IUPAC.

A

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

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3
Q

This type of naming the enzyme describes the nature of the reaction catalyzed and uses numerical code designation prefixed with the letter “E.C.”

A

Systematic Name

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4
Q

What does “E.C.” stands for?

A

Enzyme Commission

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5
Q

If E.C. 3.1.3.1: ALP. How about for ACP?

A

E.C.3.1.3.2

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6
Q

What is the purpose of using the Numerical Code Designation a.k.a E.C. numbers?

A

To remove all ambiguity about the enzyme’s identity.

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7
Q

What is the systematic name of LDH?

A

E.C.1.1.1.27

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8
Q

What digit represents this: “Sub-class: acting on primary and secondary alcohols”

A

2nd digit

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9
Q

This type of naming is a non-specific, practical and working name. It also used acronyms and abbreviations. What is this?

A

Trivial name

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10
Q

What is the example of Trivial name?

A

Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase
Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase

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11
Q

This is a multichained enzymes of similar activity and appear in different tissue, organ and cell organelle of similar organisms.

A

Isoenzymes

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12
Q

This enzyme identify specific tissue damage and it is structurally different forms of the enzyme but it catalyzes the same reaction.

A

Isoenzymes

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13
Q

This is produced by the prostate gland and the RBC

A

Acid Phosphatase

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14
Q

What does H4 (LD1) represents and H3M (LD2) represents?

A

Heart, RBC and renal tubules

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15
Q

What is the subunit and coefficient of Lungs, lymphocytes and spleen as a group?

A

H2M2

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16
Q

What is the subunit and coefficient of Liver, and skeletal muscles?

A

HM3 (LD4) & M4 (LD5)

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17
Q

What does the coefficient of the H & M subunits represent?

A

The rate of how the isoenzymes migrates in the electrophoresis.

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18
Q

From 1-5 in the “LDH” coefficient. What number is the fastest?

A

1

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19
Q

What are the characteristics of Isoenzymes?

A
  1. Electrophoretic mobility
  2. Mobility in Ion Exchange Resin
  3. Response to inhibition
  4. Relative substrate specificities
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20
Q

Give an example of relative substrate specificities.

A

ACP (RCB) is less sensitive to a-naphthyl PO4

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21
Q

This is the enzyme that is similar to the catalytic activity but are specie specific.

A

Heteroenzyme

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22
Q

Give an example of Heteroenzyme.

A

LDH from Humans and Rabbits

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23
Q

It is a genetically transmitted enzyme and is important in defining the biochemical characteristics of an individual.

A

Alloenzyme

24
Q

What is the main application of Alloenzyme?

A

Forensic and Genetic studies

25
Q

Under the Origin of Plasma Enzymes. Enumerate the Classification of enzymes in Blood.

A

Plasma-specific enzymes
Non-plasma specific enzymes

26
Q

What organ secretes Plasma-Specific Enzyme?

A

Liver

27
Q

This enzyme exert their function in plasma and is also responsible in coagulation.

A

Plasma-specific enzyme.

28
Q

This enzymes has no specific functions in plasma. Thus, it lack activators or co-enzymes.

A

Non-plasma specific enzymes

29
Q

What are the two classes of Non-plasma specific enzymes

A

Enzymes of secretion
Enzymes Associated with Cellular Metabolism

30
Q

This class of Non-plasma specific enzymes is fast to disappear in plasma and is secreted in plasma in high rates.

A

Enzymes of secretion

31
Q

Under Non-plasma specific enzymes, which class is referring to this? “It carries out their functions within the cells in which they are formed”

A

Enzymes Associated with Cellular Metabolism.

32
Q

Give an example of Enzymes associated with Cellular Metabolism.

A

Creatinine Kinase (Heart muscle)

33
Q

Enumerate the classification of Enzymes based on distribution.

A

A. UNILOCULAR ENZYME
B. BILOCULAR ENZYME

34
Q

This classification of enzyme distribution based on distribution is found only in one location, particularly the cell sap.

A

Unilocular Enzyme

35
Q

This classification of enzyme distribution based on distribution is found in the mitochondria and cell sap.

A

Binocular Enzyme

36
Q

Enumerate the factors that affect binding of enzyme to substrate.

A

A. Energy
B. Molecular Compatibility
C. Space availability
D. Specifity

37
Q

Under the factors that affect binding of enzyme to substrate. This initiates the reaction.

A

Energy

38
Q

Under the factors that affect binding of enzyme to substrate. This talks about the commonness between the substrate and enzyme.

A

Molecular Compatibility

39
Q

Under the factors that affect binding of enzyme to substrate. This talks about the # of enzyme/substrate that can be reacted.

A

Space Availability

40
Q

Under the factors that affect binding of enzyme to substrate. This talks about the enzyme acting on specific substrate.

A

Specificity

41
Q

What model best describes the E-S reaction.

A

Induced fit model

42
Q

Enumerate the factors that are INFLUENCING the ENZYMATIC REACTION

A
  1. Time
  2. Substrate concentration
    3 Enzyme concentration
  3. Temperature
  4. pH
  5. Activators
  6. Inhibitors
  7. Coenzyme concentration
  8. Prosthetic group
43
Q

This is the rate of enzyme action.

A

Time

44
Q

Under time, what happens if the catalytic activity of an enzyme on the substrate is fast?

A

Shorter Reaction Time

45
Q

What relationship should a substrate concentration supposed to have?

A

Direct relationship

46
Q

This shows the relationship of the reaction velocity to the substrate concentration. Therefore, it will change depending on the substrate/ enzymatic concentration.

A

Michaelis-Menten Curve

47
Q

What are the phases of order kinetics?

A

First order kinetics
Zero order kinetics

48
Q

This phase of order kinetics’ enzyme concentration is FIXED. However, the substrate concentration is varied.

A

First order kinetics

49
Q

The reaction of this phase is almost directly proportional to substrate concentration at low values.

A

First Order Kinetics

50
Q

What is being affected by substrate concentration?

A

First order kinetics

51
Q

This phase is when maximum velocity is reached, the rate of increase in velocity is “0”. Also, the rate in unaffected by increased substrate concentration.

A

Zero order kinetics

52
Q

What phase is dependent on the enzyme concentration and will only change if the Enzyme concentration is increased/decreased.

A

Zero Order KInetics

53
Q

The enzyme concentration says that “An increase in enzyme concentration results to an increase in the catalytic activity” THerefore, what relationship does it have?

A

Direct relationship

54
Q

What temperature is considered to be favorable for enzyme activity?

A

30 -37’C or 37 - 40’C

55
Q

What term is used for the “favorable temp for enzyme activity”?

A

Optimum temperature

56
Q

This is the reaction rate is doubled for every 10’C increase.

A

Q10

57
Q

What temperature does enzyme undergoes inactivation?

A

50-60’C

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY 2 (14 decks)

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