Ligand Substitution Flashcards
1
Q
Complex we start with ?
A
[Cu(H₂O)₆ ]²⁺
2
Q
What reagent is used?
A
Concentrated HCl
3
Q
What colour is [Cu(H₂O)₆ ]²⁺?
A
Pale blue solution
4
Q
What happens in this reaction?
A
4Cl- ligands substitute all the water ligands in [Cu(H₂O)₆ ]²⁺
5
Q
What is the product?
A
[CuCl₄]²⁻
6
Q
Why does [CuCl₄]²⁻ have a -2 charge?
A
-4 in 4Cl- cancelled out by +2 Cu charge
7
Q
Observation
A
Change blue solution to yellow solution
8
Q
Why is the yellow solution often green?
A
In equilibrium so the blue solution of [Cu(H₂O)₆ ]²⁺ mixes with yellow solution of [CuCl₄]²⁻
9
Q
Coordination number change
A
6 to 4
10
Q
What shape is [CuCl₄]²⁻?
A
Tetrahedral because 4 ligands bonded
11
Q
Why can only 4 Cl- ligands bond?
A
Because of the large ionic radius only 4 fit around the transition metal ion
