Lesson 4A (Part 3) Flashcards
Prostatitis
Inflammation of the prostate, sometimes caused by infection
What is an enlarged prostate called?
Prostatic hypertrophy
- BPH
Who does prostate growth affect?
Virtually all men over 50
What symptom occurs with increasing age?
Difficult urination
What is prostatitis treated with?
Antibiotics
What is BPH treated with? (2)
- Medicines
2. Surgery
BPH
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
What is the most common form of cancer in men?
Prostate cancer
How can prostate cancer be treated? (4)
- Surgery
- Radiation
- Hormone therapy
- Chemotherapy
What is acute prostatitis usually caused by?
Non-specific infection, spread from the urethra or bladder
- often following catheterisation, cystoscopy, urethral dilation or prostate surgery
What is the most common prostate problem for men younger than age 50?
Prostatitis
What may follow acute prostatitis?
Chronic infection
When might fibrosis of the gland occur?
During healing
- causing urethral stricture or obstruction
When does a chronic infection occur?
When it goes untreated
What are the symptoms of prostatitis? (5)
- Low back pain
- Low grade fever
- Dysuria
- Urinary urgency
- Enlarged prostate on digital exam
- very painful
What is prostatitis caused by? (2)
- UTI
2. STD
What does prostatitis look like on US? (6)
- Normal
- Hypoechoic due to inflammation
- Edematous gland
- Slightly enlarged
- Focal or diffuse hypoechoic areas
- Increased colour
What is the number one feature of prostatitis?
Volume
Where are the focal hypoechoic regions located in prostatitis?
In the peripheral zone
What does discrete fulid collectinon in the prostate gland suggest?
Abscess formation
What does colour doppler US demonstrate on an abscess?
Increase flow in the periphery
What is the treatment for acute or chronic prostatitis? (3)
- Antibiotics
- Medications
- Surgery
- depends on the type
What is benign prostatic enlargment?
Hyperplastic nodules form around the urethra and may obstruct the flow of urine, causing urinary retention
Where does BPH occur?
In the transition zone
What can prevent the bladder emptying completely during micturition?
Urethral stricture
What causes pyelonephritis?
Urethral stricture
Pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the substance of the kidney as a result of bacterial infection
What is the most common prostate problem for men older than age 50?
BPH
How does BPH appear on US? (6)
- Irregular and enlarged transition zone
- central gland is enlarged - Heterogenous
- Cysts
- Calcifications
- Central and Peripheral zone may be compressed
- Increase volume of the prostate
