Lesson 3C (Part 5) Flashcards
What does carcinoma in-situ indicate?
That the cancer is still contained entirely with the tissue of origin and has not penetrated the tissue boundaries
- a histological diagnosis)
LCIS
Lobular Carcinoma In-Situ
Lobular Carcinoma In-Situ
Not a true cancer
- marker of significant increased future risk of developing cancer
What does LCIS arise from?
Small ducts of breast lobule
- multicentric, bilateral
What is the most common invasive cancer?
Ductal Carcinoma In-Situ
DCIS
Ductal Carcinoma In-Situ
What kind of cancer is DCIS considered?
Intraductal carcinoma
Intraductal carcinoma
Cancer originated within breast milk ductal epithelium and is still contained by the ductal walls
What age group is DCIS more common in?
50 year olds
How does DCIS look on US?
Microcalcifications contained within the distended duct or hypoechoic mass
What do 97% of patients with Pagets diseaes of the nipple have?
An underlying breast cancer
What are the signs and symptoms of pagets disease of the breast? (4)
- Eczema-like rash around the nipple/areola
- Nipple discharge
- Itching/tingling
- Hypersensitivity of the nipple
Where do most paget related breast cancers begin?
In the ducts behind the nipple
What are good modalities for paget disease of the breast? (2)
- Mammography
2. Breast MRI
Infiltrating
Cancer has crossed multiple tissue boundaries, and is no longer contained in the tissue of origin
What kind of growth patterns do infiltrating lobular carcinoma have?
Diffuse growth pattern
How does ILC appear on US? (4)
- Non specific parenchymal thickening
- Irregular
- Illdefined hypoechoic solid mass
- Shadowing
What is the most common type of breast cancer?
Infiltrating ductal carcinoma
- IDC
Where is IDC most common located?
Upper outer quadrant
What does medullary carcinoma have compared to ductal or lobular carcinoma?
Better defined margins
- so is has a better prognosis
How does colloid carcinoma appear on US? (5)
- Round or oval
- Circumscribed mass
- Lobulation or microlobulation
- Isoechoic or hypoechoic compared to fat
- Homogeneous or mild heterogeneous echo pattern
What is another term for colloid carcinoma?
Mucinous carcinoma
How does tubular carcinoma appear on US? (4)
- Small irregular
- Centrally hypoechoic mass
- Frank spiculation
- Surrounded by thick echogenic halo
What happens to Coppers ligaments with tubular carcinoma?
They become thick and straight and may cause skin retraction
- this is key
Inflammatory breast cancer
The cancer blocks the lymphatic drainage of the cutaneous tissues.
- rare but aggressive
What kind of signs come with inflammatory breast cancer? (3)
- Reddened
- Swollen
- Firm breast in the absence ofinfection
- unexplained onsets
What kind of appearance do you get with inflammatory breast cancer?
Peau d’orange appearance
- orange peel
What is the sonographic appearance of inflammatory carcinoma? (3)
- Microcalcifications
- Thickened skin
- Large axillary lymph node metastes
Where is the first sight of spread from primary breast cancer?
Is to the ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes
What is the first node in drainage basin?
Sentinel node
- at most risk for metastasis
What does cancer spread to through the bloodstream? (4)
- Bone
- Liver
- Lung
- Brain
