Lesson 3C (Part 1) Flashcards
What are 6 examples of US characteristics?
- Margins
- Shape
- Echogenicity
- Echotexture
- Orientation
- Posterior acoustic attenuation pattern
Margins
Degree of irregularity
What are the margins of benign tumours?
Smooth
What are the margins of malignant tumours? (2)
- Aggressive
- Finger-like extensions
- spiculations
What are 3 defining shapes of masses/lesions?
- Ovoid
- Irregular
- Lobulated or spherical
What are the shapes of benign tumours?
Spherical/ovoid
- smooth, round or egg shape
How many lobulations do benign tumours have?
3 or less gentle lobulations
What are the shapes of malignant tumours?
Variable/irregular
What is the echogenicity of benign tumours? (2)
- Homogenous
2. Uniform internal echoes
What is the echogenicity of malignant tumours?
Heterogeneous
- variety of echotextures, predominately hypoechoic
Posterior acoustic attenuation pattern
Degree of sound beam absorption
What is the posterior acoustic attenuation pattern of benign solid tumour?
Minimal through transmission
- little shadow
What is the posterior acoustic attenuation pattern of benign cystic lesion?
High transmission of sound
- lots of shadow
What is the posterior acoustic attenuation pattern of a malignant tumour?
Absorb the sound beams and cause echoes posterior to their location to be very black and chaotic
- random/chaotic shadowing
What do simple cysts look like on US? (5)
- Completely anechoic
- Well-circumscribed
- Thinly-encapsulated
- Enhanced through transmission
- Thinly-edged shadows
What do malignant masses look like on US? (6)
- Variable shapes
- Irregular, ill-defined borders, angular
- Low-level, non-uniform internal echoes
- Taller than wide
- Posterior attenuation
- Thick echogenic rim
What is the number one indicator for malignancy?
Spiculation
- finger like projections
What kind of pattern does acoustic shadowing have with malignancy? (3)
- Irregular
- Dirty
- Chaotic pattern
How can you tell if it is definitely benign?
Total sbsence of any malignant characteristics
BI-RADS
Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System
Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System
Is a quality assurance guide designed to standardize breast imaging reporting and facilitate outcome monitoring
What does 0 tell us on the BI-RADS scale?
Incomplete and additional imaging evaluation is needed
What does 1 tell us on the BI-RADS scale?
Negative
What does 2 tell us on the BI-RADS scale?
Benign
What does 3 tell us on the BI-RADS scale?
Probably benign
- short internal follow up is recommended
What does 4 tell us on the BI-RADS scale?
Suspicious
- biopsy
What does 4A tell us on the BI-RADS scale?
Low suspicion
What does 4B tell us on the BI-RADS scale?
Intermediate suspicion
What does 4C tell us on the BI-RADS scale?
Moderate suspicion
What does 5 tell us on the BI-RADS scale?
Highly suggestive of malignancy
- biopsy
What does 6 tell us on the BI-RADS scale?
Known malignancy
- treatment ongoing
What are 3 examples of benign cystic masses?
- Cysts
- Fibrocystic Chang
- Galactocele
What are 3 examples of benign inflammatory?
- Mastitis
- Mondor cord
- Abscess
What are 4 examples of benign trauma?
- Seroma
- Hematoma
- Fat necrosis
- Scar
What are 6 examples of benign solid?
- Fibroadenoma
- Adenoma
- Phylloides tumour
- Hamartoma
- Lipoma
- Papilloma
