Legal terminology Flashcards
Law enforcement
Aplicación o ejecución de la Ley
Law enforcement officer
Funcionario encargado de la aplicación o ejecución de la Ley
Summons
A notice requiring a person to appear in Court
Citaciones
Acquit
To clear a person of a criminal charge
Absolver
Adjournment
To end or postpone a proceeding
Aplazamiento
Armed robbery
the ilegal taking of property from one person to another using a weapon
Robo a mano armada
Arraingment
(The initial step in a criminal prosecution whereby the defendant is brought before the Court to hear the charges and to enter a plea)
Instrucción de cargos/Presentación del imputado
Bench trial
A trial before a judge without a jury
Juicio sin jurado
Burden of proof
La carga de la prueba
Closing arguments
Declaración de cierre
Crime
Delito
Cross examination
Contra-interrogatorio
Defendant
A person sued in a civil proceeding or acused in a criminal proceeding
Demandado/Acusado
Defense
A defendant´s stated reason why the plaintiff or prosecutor has no valid case/A defendant´s answer, denial or plea
Defensa
Direct examination
The questioning of a witness at a trial by the party who called the witness to testify
Interrogatorio directo
Felon
A person who has been convicted of a felony
Condenado por delito mayor
Felony
A serious crime punishable by imprisonment for more than onne year or by death
Delito mayor
Grand Jury
(A body of often twenty three people who are chosen to sit permanently for at least a month (sometimes a year) who dedide whether to issue indictments)
Jurado indagatorio/Gran jurado
Hung Jury
A jury that cannot reach a veredict by the required voting margin
Jurado en desacuerdo
Indictmet
(The formal written accusation of a crime made by a grand jury or presented to a court for prosecution against the accused person)
Acusación formal
Jury trial
Juicio con jurado
Larceny
(The unlawful taking and carrying away of someone else’s personal property with the intent to deprive the prossessor of it permanently)
Hurto
Misdemeanor
(A crime that is less serious than a felony and usually punishable by fine, penalty, forfeiture, or confinement in a place other than prision (such as a county jail)
Delito menor
Mistrial
(1. A trial that the judg brings to an end without a determination on the merits because of a procedural error or serious misconduct occuring during the proceedings. 2.A trial that ends inconclusively because the jury cannot agree on a veredict)
Juicio nulo
Objection
A formal statement opposing something that has occur in court seeking t judge´s immediate ruling on the point.
Objeción
Offense
A violation of the law, a crime, often a minor one
Delito
Opening statements (At the outset of a trial a lawyer´s statement giving the fact-finder a preview of the case and of the evidence to be presented)
Declaración de apertura
Overrule
To rule against
Sin lugar/No ha lugar
Parole
Libertad condicional
Plea
(1. An accused person formal response of “guilty”,”not guilty” or “no contest” to a criminal charge.
2. At common law, the defendant´s responsive pleading in a civil action)
Contestación de la demanda o acusación
Plea bargain (A negotiated agreement between the prosecutor and a criminal defendant whereby the defendant pleads guilty to a lesser offense or to a one of multiple charges in exchange for some concession by the prosecutor , a more lenient sentence or a dismissal of the other charges)
Convenio declaratorio
Possesion
Tenencia
Pre-Trial motions
(After the preliminary hearing and before a criminal case goes to trial, the prosecutor and the defense team usually appear before a criminal court judge and make pre-trial motions – arguments that certain evidence should be kept out of the trial, that certain persons must or cannot testify, or that the case should be dismissed altogether)
Pre-trial motions are tools used by the government and the defense in an effort to set the boundaries for trial.
Pedimentos previos al juicio/Cuestiones previas
Motion
Pedimento
Probation
(A court imposed criminal sentence that, subject to stated conditions, releases a convicted person into the community innstead of sending the criminal to jail or prision)
Libertad condicional supervisada
Reckless endangerment
The criminal offense of putting another person nat substantial risk of death or serious injury
Imprudencia temeraria
Re-cross examination
A second cross-examination after redirect examination
Segundo contra-interrogatorio
Re-direct examination
A second direct examination, after cross examination
Segundo interrogatorio directo
Recidivist
One who has been convicted of mutiple criminal offenses
Reincidente
Release on own recognizance
The pretrial release of an arrested person who promises to appear for trial at a later date
Libertad bajo palabra
Second felony offender
Reincidente de delito mayor
Sustained
Con lugar/Ha lugar
People´s Exhibit
Prueba de cargo
Defense´s Exhibit
Prueba de descargo
charged
acusado
aid and abet
ayudar e instigar
deceised
occiso
in furtherance
en fomentación
in violation
en contravención
infringiendo
en contra de lo establecido en
bias
parcialidad
prejuicio
submitted evidence
las pruebas presentadas
visa aplication
solicitud de visa
forged visa
visa falsificada
convicted
condenado
evidence
pruebas
flagrantly
flagrantemente
warrant
orden judicial/comprobante/certificado
unwitting
involuntario, sin intención
to charge
imputar
remand in custody
detención o custodia preventiva
providencia
orden del Tribunal por escrito
providence, interlocutory order
appearance (before an authority)
comparecencia
recusation
recusación
thereon
al respecto
prospectives
posibles
perentoria
peremptory,conclusive,decisive,urgent,final
perención de la instancia
lapsing of a lawsuit due to inactivity
to admonish
apercibir, prevenir, amonestar
larceny
hurto
aggravated larceny
hurto calificado/agravado
burglary
allanamiento con fines delictivos
