Lecture Exam #2 Flashcards
two types of cells
1) prokaryote (smaller, unicell)
2) Eukaryote (more complex)
what are prokaryote cells more commonly known as?
bacteria
how big are prokoryote cells?
very small- 10-100 microns
what type of cells are prokoryote cells
single-celled (unicellular) and filamentous (strings of single cells)
prokaryote lifestyle charctericstics (3) (UCF)
1) unicellular: all alone
2) colony- forms a film
3) filamentous- forms a chain of cells
prokaryote nutrition charactertistics (3) (PDD)
1) photosynthetic (energy from sunlight)
2) disease causing (feed on living things)
3) decomposers (feed on dead things- plants or animals )
characteristics of eukaryotes (4) (MHCI)
1) more complicated
2) have organelles
3 )can be multicellular
4) includes animals and plant cells
what type of membranes are organelles?
membrane-bound cell parts
mini “organs” that have unique structures and functions
organelles
where are organelles found?
in cyotplasm
does a plant or animal cells have a rigid cell wall and why?
plant- to prevent bursting
similarities between plant and animals cells (8) (NNREGMC)
Both have:
1) cell membrane
2) nucleus
3) nucleolus
4) ribosomes
5) ER
6) Golgi
7) mitochondria
8) cytoskeleton
differences between animal and plant cells (4) (APPP)
1) animal cells have centrioles and plants do not
2) plant cells have a cell wall and animals do not
3) plant cells have chloroplasts and animals do not
4) plant cells have one big vacuole and animals do not
what does plant cell’s one big vacuole help with?
its shape
what can the whole cell of a eukaryote cell be?
specialized for one job
what can cells work together as in eukaryote cells?
tissues
what can tissues work together as in eukaryote cells?
organs
characteristics of prokaryotes (3) (SFA)
1) simple and easy to grow
2) fast reproduction
3) all the same
characteristics of eukaryotes (3) (CMC)
1) can specialize
2) multicellulality
3) can build large bodies
what did many scientists theorize about how organelles evolved?
that eukaryotes evolved from prokaryote ancestors
what did Lynn Margulis popularize in 1981?
“endosymbioent theory”
in endosymbioyent theory what does a prokaryote eat?
a smaller prokartyote
what does the smaller prokaryote that the prokaryote ate evolve for?
as a way to avoid being digested, and lives inside its new “host” cell like a pet
inside
endo