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AGBI 410 > Lecture 34 > Flashcards

Lecture 34 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the universal start codon

A

AUG - methionine

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2
Q

3 stop codons

A

UAA, UAG, UGA

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3
Q

how many codons are there

A

61

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4
Q

how many tRNAs are there

A

32

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5
Q

position 1 of anticodon dictates what

A

number of codons the tRNA can bind

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6
Q

how many codons for A or C

A

1

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7
Q

how many codons for U or G

A

2

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8
Q

how many codons for inosinate

A

3

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9
Q

wobble hypothesis

A

position 34 inosine may base pair with uridine, cytidine, adenosine

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10
Q

what must happen to tRNA

A

must be activated

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11
Q

tRNA activation catalyzed by

A

aminoacyl-tRNA synthtases

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12
Q

aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases require what

A

2 ATP

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13
Q

initiation of translation in bacteria requires what

A

30s subunit, mRNA, initiating fMet-tRNA, 3 initiation facts, GTP, 50S SU, Mg2+

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14
Q

region of mRNA that guides the initiating AUG to its correct position

A

Shine Dalgarno sequence

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15
Q

is shine dalgarno up or downstream from AUG

A

upstream

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16
Q

inserts N-formyl-methionine at the amino terminal end

A

fMet-tRNA

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17
Q

fMet-tRNA is added in response to wha t

A

AUG initiation codon

18
Q

inserts methionine in interior positions

A

Met-tRNA

19
Q

added in response to the interior AUG codons

A

Met-tRNA

20
Q

bacterial ribosome, what Subunits

A

50s and 30s -> 70s

21
Q

eukaryotic ribosome, what subunits

A

60s and 40s -> 80s

22
Q

site where amino acids are added to the growing chain

A

peptide site (p site)

22
Q

site where incoming aminoacyl-tRNAs bind

A

aminoacyl site (A site)

23
Q

only site where fMet-tRNA can bind

A

P site

24
Q

binds uncharged tRNAs

A

exit site

25
Q

eukaryotic mRNAs are bound to

A

ribosome

26
Q

eukaryotic cells have how many initiation factors

A

12

27
Q

in eukaryotic cells, is there shine dalgarno seq

A

no

28
Q

what is Met bound to in eukaryotic cells

A

initiation tRNA, not fMet

29
Q

do eukaryotic cells have an exit site

A

no

30
Q

more or less init factors in eukaryotic

A

more

31
Q

elongation requires

A

initiation complex, aminoacyl-tRNAs, elongation factors, 2 GTP

32
Q

what are the elongation factors

A

Tu, Ts, and G

32
Q

where do uncharged tRNA leave directly from in eukaryotic

A

directly from p site

33
Q

in bacteria, release factor and energy from GTP hydrolysis aid in what

A

ribosome dissociation

34
Q

promotres dissociation of the tRNA and release factor

A

IF3

35
Q

IF3 promotes dissociation of what

A

tRNA and release factor

36
Q

inhibitory antibiotic that binds to the A site and terminates polypeptide synthesis

A

puromycin

37
Q

puromycin structure similar to what

A

3’ end of aminoacyl-tRNA

38
Q

inhibit bacterial protein by blocking the A site

A

tetracyclines

AGBI 410 (26 decks)

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