Lecture 21 Flashcards
how many ATP formed by citric acid cycle per turn
1
EACH NADH drives formation of how many ATP
2.5
each FADH drives formation of how many ATP
1.5
CAC accepts what carbon skeletons
3, 4, 5
breakdown of amino acids yields what two skeletons
deaminated aspartate yields oxaloacetate, deaminiated glutamate yields alpha ketoglutarate
ample fatty acids and acetyl coa being present does what to PDH complex
turns it off
for PDH complex to be turned off, should ATP/ADP be high or low
high
when energy demands are high, what happens to PDH complex
it is on
inhibits PDH complex by phosphorylation
PDH kinase
reverses inhibitonof PDH kinase
PDH phosphatase
what activates citrate synthase
ADP
what disables citrate syn
NADH, succinylcoa, citrate, ATP
what activates isocitrate dehydrogenase
Ca2+, ADP
what disables isocitrate dehydrogenase
ATP
alpha ketogluerate dehydrogenase complex what activates it
Ca2+
what disables alpha ketogluterate dehydrogenase complex
succinylcholine CoA, NADH
can a lot of the CAC be turned into other things
yes
chemical rxns that replenish intermediates
anaplerotic rxns
pathway that is both anabolic and catabolic
ampibolic pathway
what can animals not convert
acetate or acetyl CoA to glucose
rxn sequence that converts acetate to carbohydrate
glyoxylate cycle
specialized peroxisomes where acetyl CoA is formed from triacylglycerols and glyoxylate cycle occurs
glyoxysomes
converts acetate to succinate or another 4 carbon intermediate of the CAC
glyoxylate cycle
catalyzes cleavage of isocitrate to succinate and glyoxylate
isocitrate lyase
catalyzes condensation of flyoxylate with acetyl CoA to yield malate
malate synthesis
glyoxylate cycle bypasses what
2 decarboxylation reactions in CAC
key intermediate in glyoxylate and TCA cycle
isocitrate
