Lecture 2 Flashcards
No net gain or loss of energy is classified as what
dynamic dteady state
exchange both energy and matter with its surroundings is defined as what
open systeem
total amount of energy in the universe stays constant, which law
first law of thermodynamics
entropy (randomness) is always increasing in the universe, which law
second law of thermodynamics
what is delta g when rxn is exergonic
negative
what is delta g when rxn is endergonic
positive
in closed systems, rxns proceed spontaneously until what
equilibrium is reached
electrostatic attraction btw 1 e/n atom and a hydrogen atom covalently linked to a second en atom
hydrogen bond
what are atoms that can make hydrogen bonds
H, N, O, F
are hydrogen bonds weak or strong
weak
which region interacts favorably with water
polar, hydrophilic region
lipids in water causes what
lipids become highly ordered
what’s crucial to macromolecular structure and function
weak interactions
measure of solute in a solvent
osmolarity
water moves in, cell swells
cell in hypotonic soln
