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AGBI 410 > Lecture 26-27 > Flashcards

Lecture 26-27 Flashcards

1
Q

3 sources of lipids

A
  1. obtained from diet, 2. mobilizing from storage 3. from liver via de novo lipogensis
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2
Q

electrons removed from fatty acids during oxidation pass thru what

A

respiratory chain

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3
Q

acetyl coa produced from fatty acids may be completely oxidized to Co2 in CAC

A

acetyl CoA

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4
Q

provides over 50% of energy requirements to some organs

A

TAG

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5
Q

chylomicrons carry TAG from what to what

A

intestinal mucous to other tissues

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6
Q

what activates lipoprotein lipase

A

aPoc-11

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7
Q

where does lipid digestion not happen

A

stomach

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8
Q

what helps digest dietary lipids

A

gull bladder bile

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9
Q

fatty acids converted to what in the liver

A

triacylglycerols

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10
Q

triacylglycerols combined with what to form VLDLs

A

apolipoproteins

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11
Q

triacylglycerols combined with apoliproteins to form what

A

VLDLs

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12
Q

how are VLDLs transported

A

in blood

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13
Q

TAG means what

A

triacylglycerols

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14
Q

TAGs stored in what

A

lipids droplets

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15
Q

what are lipid droplets coated in

A

perilipins

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16
Q

how are perilipins removed

A

phosphorylation

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17
Q

2 things increasing lipolysis

A

glucagon and epinephrine

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18
Q

what phosphorylated glycerol in liver

A

glycerol kinase

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19
Q

3 lipases that remove perilipins from lipid droplets

A

adipose triacylglyceride lipase, hormone sensitive lipase, monoacylglycerol lipase

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20
Q

ATGL

A

adipose triacylglyceride lipase

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21
Q

HSL

A

hormone sensitive lipase,

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22
Q

MGL

A

monoacylglycerol lipase

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23
Q

activates fatty acids

A

fatty acyl CoA synthetase

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24
Q

product of fatty acid activation

A

AMP

25
Q

generation of AMP results in

A

usage of 2nd ATP

26
Q

fatty acyl CoA to fatty acyl carnitine what catalyzes it

A

carnitine acyltranferase 1

27
Q

what catalyzes rxn back to fatty acyl CoA in mitochondria

A

carnitine acyltransferase 2

28
Q

rate limiting step in fatty acid transport to matrix

A

fatty acyl CoA to fatty acyl carnitine

29
Q

compound that transports fatty acyl CoAs destined for mitochondrial oxidation across inner mitochondrial membrane

A

carnitine

30
Q

liver can synthesize carnitine from what

A

lysine and methionine

31
Q

how many pools of CoA

A

2

32
Q

location of pools of CoA

A

mitochrondria and cytosol

33
Q

CoA in mitochondrial matrix used for..

A

oxidative degradation of pyruvate fatty acids and some amino acids

34
Q

coa in cytosol used for

A

biosynthesis of fatty acids

35
Q

fatty acyl CoA pool in mitochondria used for

A

oxidation and ATP production

36
Q

fatty acyl CoA pool in cytosol used for

A

membrane lipid synthesis

37
Q

what is made from fatty acid oxidation

A

1 FADH2 and 1 NADH

38
Q

how many dehydrogenation rxns are there in fatty acid oxidation

A

2

39
Q

what occurs in peroxisome

A

very long FA oxidation

40
Q

flavoprotein with tightly bound FAD that catalyses the dehydrogenation of fatty acyl CoA

A

acyl CoA dehydrogenase

41
Q

catalyzes the addition of water to the double bond of trans enoyl Coa

A

enol CoA hydratase

42
Q

catalyzed the dehydrogenation of L beta hdyroxyacyl coA

A

beta hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase

43
Q

catalyzes rxn of beta - ketoacyl CoA wit free coenzyme A to yield acetyl CoA and a fatty acyl CoA shortened by two Carbons

A

thiolase

44
Q

palmitate generates net of what during unsaturated FA beta oxidation

A

106 ATP

45
Q

steroate forms what unsatured FA beta oxidation

A

120 ATP

46
Q

oleate forms what unsaturated FA beta oxid

A

118.5 ATP

47
Q

only exception for FA not being used for glucose synthesis

A

Odd chain fatty acid beta oxidation

48
Q

presence of this indicated increased fatty acid synthesis

A

malonyl CoA

49
Q

first intermediate of cytosolic fatty acid synthesis

A

malonyl CoA

50
Q

where does very long FA chain oxidation occur

A

peroxisome

51
Q

what does malonyl CoA presence inhibit

A

CAT1

52
Q

3 main ketone bodies

A

beta -hydroxybutyrate, acetoactone, acetone

53
Q

where are ketone bodies made

A

LIVER

54
Q

what increases in fasting

A

keton ebodies

55
Q

what can use ketones in an extended fast

A

brain

56
Q

ketone bodies can be converted back to what

A

acetyl CoA in tissues

57
Q

lowered blood pH

A

acidosis

58
Q

high levels of ketone bodies in blood and urine

A

ketosis

59
Q

condition when ketosis and acidosis are combined

A

ketoacidosis

AGBI 410 (26 decks)

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