Lecture 28-29 Flashcards

1
Q

formation of malonyl CoA catalyzed by

A

acetyl CoA carboxylase

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2
Q

formation of malonyl CoA requires what

A

1 ATP

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3
Q

three subunits acetyl CoA carboxylase

A

biotin carrier protein, biotin carboxylase, transcacrboxylase

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4
Q

committed step of FA synthesis

A

malonyl CoA from acetyl CoA and CO2

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5
Q

bacteria residing in the large intestine produce what for human use

A

biotin

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6
Q

what two things come together during acetyl CoA carboxylase

A

biotin carboxylase, transcacrboxylase

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7
Q

citrate from matrix to cytosol is

A

citrate shuttle

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8
Q

where does citrate shuttle transport to and from

A

mitochondrial matrix to cytosol

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9
Q

fatty acid synthesis occurs where

A

cytosol

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10
Q

citrate to oxaloacetate în citrate shuttle (cytosol)

A

citrate lyase

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11
Q

malate to pyruvate in citrate shuttle

A

malic enzyme

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12
Q

oxaloacetate to citrate în citrate chuttl e

A

citrate synthase

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13
Q

what is product of malate to pyruvate

A

NADPH

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14
Q

glucose 6 phos to ribulose 6 phos, what pathway

A

pentose phosphate pathway

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15
Q

product of pentose phosphate pathway

A

2 NADPH

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16
Q

each round of fatty acid synthesis uses and makes what

A

uses 2 NADPH, produces 1 CO2

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17
Q

what is fatty acid synthesis catalyzed by

A

fatty acid synthase

18
Q

endpoint for fatty acid synthase

A

palmitate

19
Q

how many acetyl coa used and how many malonyl CoA made in acetyl CoA carboxylase

A

7 acetyl, 7 malonyl

20
Q

what causes acetyl CoA carboxylase to be activated

A

increased insulin

21
Q

what causes acetyl CoA to be deactivated

A

increased glucagon

22
Q

what further elongate palminate

A

fatty acid elongation systems

23
Q

where are fatty acid elongation systems fond

A

in ER and mitochondria

24
Q

what catalyzes desaturation in FA syn

A

fatty acyl desaturase

25
Q

what can mammals not synthesize

A

omega 3 and 6 fatty acids

26
Q

where does oxidation occur

A

mitochondria

27
Q

where does synthesis occur

A

cytosol

28
Q

in oxidation, what are intermediates bonded to

A

CoA

29
Q

in synthesis what are intermediates bonded to

A

sulfydral groups

30
Q

what are oxidants

A

FAD, NAD+

31
Q

dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glycerol 3 phosphate

A

glycerol 3 phosphate dehydrogenase

32
Q

glyceroneogenesis starts with what and ends with what

A

pyruvate to glycerol 3 phosphate

33
Q

what does glycerol 3 phosphate go to in glyceroneogenesis

A

triacylglycerol synthesis

34
Q

what allows tAG synthesis to occur

A

presence of insulin

35
Q

what is enzyme in rate limiting step of cholesterol synthesis

A

HMG CoA reductase

36
Q

what activates HMG CoA reductase

A

insulin

37
Q

what deactivates HMG CoA reductase

A

glucagon, oxysterol, lowered ATP conc

38
Q

ob/ob mouse has what

A

defective leptin gene

39
Q

ab/ab mouse has what

A

defective leptin receptor

40
Q

what allows beta oxidation of fat

A

leptin

41
Q

what inhibits synthesis of fat

A

leptin