Lecture 28-29 Flashcards
formation of malonyl CoA catalyzed by
acetyl CoA carboxylase
formation of malonyl CoA requires what
1 ATP
three subunits acetyl CoA carboxylase
biotin carrier protein, biotin carboxylase, transcacrboxylase
committed step of FA synthesis
malonyl CoA from acetyl CoA and CO2
bacteria residing in the large intestine produce what for human use
biotin
what two things come together during acetyl CoA carboxylase
biotin carboxylase, transcacrboxylase
citrate from matrix to cytosol is
citrate shuttle
where does citrate shuttle transport to and from
mitochondrial matrix to cytosol
fatty acid synthesis occurs where
cytosol
citrate to oxaloacetate în citrate shuttle (cytosol)
citrate lyase
malate to pyruvate in citrate shuttle
malic enzyme
oxaloacetate to citrate în citrate chuttl e
citrate synthase
what is product of malate to pyruvate
NADPH
glucose 6 phos to ribulose 6 phos, what pathway
pentose phosphate pathway
product of pentose phosphate pathway
2 NADPH
each round of fatty acid synthesis uses and makes what
uses 2 NADPH, produces 1 CO2
what is fatty acid synthesis catalyzed by
fatty acid synthase
endpoint for fatty acid synthase
palmitate
how many acetyl coa used and how many malonyl CoA made in acetyl CoA carboxylase
7 acetyl, 7 malonyl
what causes acetyl CoA carboxylase to be activated
increased insulin
what causes acetyl CoA to be deactivated
increased glucagon
what further elongate palminate
fatty acid elongation systems
where are fatty acid elongation systems fond
in ER and mitochondria
what catalyzes desaturation in FA syn
fatty acyl desaturase
what can mammals not synthesize
omega 3 and 6 fatty acids
where does oxidation occur
mitochondria
where does synthesis occur
cytosol
in oxidation, what are intermediates bonded to
CoA
in synthesis what are intermediates bonded to
sulfydral groups
what are oxidants
FAD, NAD+
dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glycerol 3 phosphate
glycerol 3 phosphate dehydrogenase
glyceroneogenesis starts with what and ends with what
pyruvate to glycerol 3 phosphate
what does glycerol 3 phosphate go to in glyceroneogenesis
triacylglycerol synthesis
what allows tAG synthesis to occur
presence of insulin
what is enzyme in rate limiting step of cholesterol synthesis
HMG CoA reductase
what activates HMG CoA reductase
insulin
what deactivates HMG CoA reductase
glucagon, oxysterol, lowered ATP conc
ob/ob mouse has what
defective leptin gene
ab/ab mouse has what
defective leptin receptor
what allows beta oxidation of fat
leptin
what inhibits synthesis of fat
leptin
