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Pathology > Lecture 3 > Flashcards

Lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are some portals of injurious agent entry (4)

A
  1. Ingestion 2. Coughed up from the lungs and swallowed 3. Systemic blood borne 4. Parasitic migration
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2
Q

What are some portals of defence (4)

A

1, Stratified squamous epithelium 2. Normal flora 3. Taste buds 4. Saliva

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3
Q

What to look for during an oral exam

A

Colour and capillary refill time

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4
Q

What are pallor gums and what do they indicate

A

Pale gumes Anaemia, haemorrhage, ransack poisoning

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5
Q

What are Icterus gums and what do they indicate

A

Jaundice - accumulation of bile in blood Haemilytic disorders and liver disease

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6
Q

What are cyanosis gums and what do they indicate

A

Oxygen deficiency, methaemoglobinaemia

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7
Q

What are congestion and oedema gums and what do they indicate

A

Bluetongue virus sheep: buccal mucosa and tongue

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8
Q

What are Petechia/ecchymosis gums and what do they indicate

A

Septicaemia, inflammation, thrombocytopenia

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9
Q

What are some developmental disorders of the oral cavity

A

Palatoschisis (cleft palate) Cheiloschisis

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10
Q

What causes palatoschisis

A

Genetic or toxic origin

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11
Q

What is palatoschisis

A

Failure of fusion of lateral palatine arches

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12
Q

What does palatoschisis involve

A

Only soft palate or soft and hard palate

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13
Q

What is cheioschisis

A

Failure of fusion of upper lip along philtrum

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14
Q

Difference between erosions and ulcers

A

Erosion: superficial Ulcer: very deep

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15
Q

List the viral-induced vesicular stomatitis (4)

A
  1. FMDV 2. Vesicular stomatitis 3. Vesicular exanthema 4. Swine vesicular disease
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16
Q

What are the factors that contribute to great economic loss with vesicular stomatitis (4)

A
  1. Poor weight gain 2. Possible abortions associated with fever 3. Secondary bacterial infections 4. Exotic to Australia means export barriers
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17
Q

What do vesicular viruses cause

A

Epitheliotrophic lesions - these are fluid filled vesicles in the epithelium of oral cavity, lips, rostral plate, tongue

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18
Q

What are some signs of lesions (8)

A
  1. Oral and nasal vesicle and bullae 2. Oral epithelium detaches leaving raw, ulcerated surfaces 3. Ptyalism 4. Conjunctivitis 5. Lameness 6. Ulcerations on mammaries and genitalia 7. Fever 8. Anorexia
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19
Q

Best sample to take for vesicular stomatitis

A

Fluid from lesion

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20
Q

What are the viruses that cause erosive/ulcerative stomatitis (6)

A
  1. BVDV 2. Malignant Catarrhal Fever 3. Feline Calicivirus 4. Equine viral rhinotracheitis virus 5. BTV 6. Rinderpest
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21
Q

What are some other causes for erosive/ulcerative stomatitides (5)

A
  1. Uraemia 2. Foreign bodies 3. Caustic substances 4. Feline eosinophilc granuloma complex 5. Vit C deficiency
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22
Q

What viruses cause papular stomatitis

A
  1. Patapoxvirus 2. Contagious Ecthyma (these are both zoonotic)
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23
Q

What does poxvirus cause

A

Ballooning degeneration of epithelial cells and cytoplasmic viral inclusions

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24
Q

What does Orf cause

A

Eosinophilic cytoplasmic viral inclusions

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25
Q

What is necrotising stomatitdes called

A

Oral necrobacillosis

26
Q

When do you see Oral necrobacillosis

A

At the end stage of other forms of stomatitis when complicated by infection with Fusobacterium necrophorum

27
Q

What do you see with Oral necrobacillosis

A

Yellow/grey foci of necrosis surrounded by rim of hyperaemia

28
Q

What are the signs of Oral necrobacillosis

A

Swollen cheeks, anorexia, pyrexia, halitosis

29
Q

What animal is eosinophilic stomatitis seen it commonly

30
Q

What is the histological appearance of eosinophilic stomatitis

A

Central collagenolysis and mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate

31
Q

What is seen with lymphoplasmacytic gingivitis/stomatitis

A

Hyperplastic, ulcerated oral mucosa Red inflamed gums Foul breath Inappetence

32
Q

What is gingival hyperplasia

A
  1. Overgrowth og gum tissue 2. Can bury gums 3. Common in boxers
33
Q

What does Epulis mean

A

Benign growth of the gingiva

34
Q

What are some oral neoplasms

A
  1. Squamous cell carcinoma 2. Melanomas (usually malignant) 3. Fibrosarcomas (malignant) 4. Papillomas
35
Q

What does serosa help with

36
Q

What is megaoesophagus also called

A

Oesophageal ectasia

37
Q

What is primary tympany

A

Frothy bloat

38
Q

What is secondary tympany

A

Free gas bloat

39
Q

What are the underlying pathophysiology of bloat

A

Increased RR and HR - pushes on vena cava - decresed blood return to heart - so the heart rate increases- rumen pushes on diaphragm and causes increased HR

40
Q
A

Palatoschisis and Cheiloschisis

41
Q
A

Foot and mouths disease vesicular

42
Q
A

Vesicular Exanthema

43
Q
A

Bovine viral diarrhoea

44
Q
A

Malignant catarrhal fever

45
Q
A

Uraemic ulcers

46
Q
A

Ulcerative Gingivitis: scurvy

47
Q
A

Bovine Papular Stomatitis

48
Q
A

Contagious Ecthyma

49
Q
A

Necrotisinf Stomatitis: Calf Diptheria

50
Q
A

Feline Eosinophilic Granuloma

51
Q
A

Gingival hyperplasia

52
Q
A

Fibromatous Epulis

53
Q
A

Oral Squarmous Cell Carcinoma

54
Q
55
Q
56
Q
A

Congestion and oedema

58
Q
59
Q

Pathology (26 decks)

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