Lecture 17 Flashcards
What are the 2 parts of the pancreas
Exocrine
- Acini: secrete digestive enzymes and bicarbonate
Endocrine
- Islets of langerhans: secrete hormones
Pancian Corpiscles
Incidental findings or pancreas
- Ectopic pancreatic tissue
- Pacinian corpsuscles
- Pancreatic calculi
- Stromal fat infiltration
- Autolysis is very rapid after death
What is the problem with failure of pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes
- Inadequate pancreatic secretions cause incomplete digestion
- Maldigestion and secondary melabsorption - weight loss
- Build up of undigestied nutrients - malabsorption
- Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
Causese of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Exocrine pancreatic atrophy
Chronic, recurrent pancreatitis -> most common in cats
What does exocrine pancreatic atrophy results from
Dramatically reduced pancreatic mass
- Somethhing in immune system is causing atrophy
Most common in shepards and collies
Usually in young animals
Signs of maldigestion
Pancreatic atrophy - low enzyme levels
Mechanisms of pancreatitis include
- Obstruction of pancreatic ducts
- Direct injury to aciner cells
- Disturbed enzyme flow in acinear cells
- High fat meals
- Idiopathic
Where do you see acute pancreatitis
Dogs, esp obese, sedentary bitches
What happens woth acute pancreatitis
Necrosis and inflammation
Leakage/release of activates pancreatic enzymes
- trypin
Autodigestion
What is the gross pathology of acute pancreatitis
- Degeneration/necrosis
- Degeneration of BV
- Fat necrosis
What is the histopathology pathology of acute pancreatitis
- Extensive haemorrhage
- Necrosis of pancreatic parenchyma
- Inflammatory cell infiltration
- Fibrinous exudate in septa
- Fat necrosis
Acute pancreatitis
Acute pancreatitis
Pancreatitis with enzymatic fat necrosis
Effects of acute pancreatitis
Fatal when severe
- Wide spread vascular damage
- Shock
- DIC
- Sudden death
What are the two syndromes of pancreatitis in cats
- Acute pancreatic necrosis
- Suppurative pancreatitis
When do you see acute pancreatsis in horses
Migration of strongyle larvae
What causes chronic pancreatitis
Where the liver cant regnerate
What deos chronic pancreatitis cause
- Fibrosis
- Atrophy
- Lymphoplasmacytic infiltration
Gross pathology of chronic pancreatitis
- Shrunken and nodular
- Fibrous adhesions to adjacent tissue
Histopathology of chronic pancreatitis
- Fibrosis and atrophy
- Lymphoplasmacytic infltration
Chronic Recurrent Pancreatitis
Chrinic pancreatitis
Chronic pancreatitis
Where do you see pancreatic nodulat hyperplasoa
Old dogs and cats and also cattle
What is pancreatic adenoma
Single large nodules
What is pancreatic carcinoma
Single or multiple grey/yellow nodules - invasive, may contain necrosis, adhesion
What are pancreatic nodular hyperplasia
Multiple raised smooth nodules
Pancreatic nodular exocrine hyperplasia
Pancreatic nodular exocrine hyperplasia
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Cats develop a unique cutaneous paraneoplastic syndrome
Symmetric alopecia of the ventral trunk ans limbs with a glistening appearance
