Lecture 26- Apoptosis

Question 1

How many cells are in a C. elegans?

Answer 1

959

Question 2

How many cells of C. elegans die to apoptosis

Answer 2

131

Question 3

What is necrosis

Answer 3

“Normal” cell death in which the cell explodes or leaks

Question 4

What is autophagy

Answer 4

Cell on cell digestion

Question 5

What happens to the nucleus in apoptosis

Answer 5

It gets digested so that there is no usable information left

Question 6

What is blebbing

Answer 6

Cell becomes divided into small pieces

Question 7

What is phagocytosis

Answer 7

Cell blebs are eaten by neighboring cells

Question 8

What is a TUNEL assay

Answer 8

It is a technique used to detect apoptotic cells (in vitro)

Question 9

What is BrdU

Answer 9

It stains broken DNA

Used in TUNEL assay

Question 10

Where are the cells that decide apoptosis to occur or not located?

Answer 10

In the mitochondria

Question 11

What is Bax

Answer 11

Pro-apoptotic protein

Question 12

What is Bcl-2

Answer 12

Anti-apoptotic protein

Question 13

What happens when there is too much Bax?

Answer 13

Pores form in outer membrane

Cytochrome-c leaves the mitochondria

Question 14

What is Apaf1

Answer 14

An adapter protein

Question 15

What is Apaf1 activated by?

What does it bind to?

Answer 15

Cytochrome-C

Bind to pro-caspase

Question 16

What are caspaces?

Answer 16

Proteases that degrade essential cell machinery

Question 17

What are TNF receptors

Answer 17

On the surface of the surface of the cell that respond to extra cellular signals that cause the cell to go into apoptosis