Lecture 18 Cytoskeleton: IFs, Actin, Mysosin Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the cytoskeleton involve

A

cell shape, mobility, structure, intracellular movement

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2
Q

what are monomer/filaments

A

individual proteins that can form into much longer/larger filaments

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3
Q

what is polymerization

A

putting monomers together

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4
Q

What is the energy source for polymerization

A

Like most things, ATP (actin) or GTP (microtubules)

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5
Q

What are lamins?

A

They surround and protect the nucleus

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6
Q

What are keratins?

A

holds together skin, hair, nails

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7
Q

What happens if a keratin is defective

A

it forms a blister in the basal layer

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8
Q

What are lamins and keratins classified as?

A

intermediate filaments

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9
Q

What are Actin filaments responsible for

A

cell movements, shape, and some intracellular movements, endocytosis

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10
Q

What are 2 protofilaments

A

A filament made of strings of single monomers

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11
Q

What is polarity mean within a actin filament

A

end of the filaments are different; barbed vs pointed

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12
Q

What do actin cross linknig proteins do?

A

bring many filaments together into bundle structure

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13
Q

What is Myosin?

A

causes movement along the actin filaments

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14
Q

What are motor proteins

A

they use ATP to generate motion

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15
Q

What is a heavy chain (on myosin)

A

one molecule with three domains

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16
Q

What does the head of a heavy chain do

A

uses ATP to bind actin

17
Q

What does the neck on a heavy chain do

A

flexible region; part that is regulated

18
Q

What does the tail of a heavy chain do

A

binds cargo

19
Q

What are light chains?

A

regulatory proteins; bind neck; necessary to turn on the heavy chains to function

20
Q

What drives the light chain

A

calcium

21
Q

What does myosin being a dimer mean?

A

One head is always bound to actin

22
Q

What does it mean when actin filaments are fixed?

A

They can slide

23
Q

What is cell motility (movement) driven by?

A

polymerization of actin cytoskeleton