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Parasitology > Lecture 25: Roundworm diseases II > Flashcards

Lecture 25: Roundworm diseases II Flashcards

1
Q

what is the common name for Trichuris

A

Whipworms

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2
Q

Are trichuris heteroxenous or monoxenous

A

Monoxenous

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3
Q

Where/who do Trichuris/whipworms parasitize

A

Cecum and colon of mammals

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4
Q

What do trichuris adult worms ingest

A

Blood, tissue fluids, mucosa

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5
Q

What do heavy infections with trichuriasis cause

A

Diarrhea with mucous and blood, anorexia, weight loss, failure to gain wait, dehydrate, anemia

Can be fatal

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6
Q

What species does T. Vulpis infect

A

Dogs

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7
Q

What species does T. Suis infect

A

Swine

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8
Q

What is used to tx trichuris

A

Fenbendazole

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9
Q

Dog presents with severe diarrhea with mucus and blood, anemia, and weight loss. The following worms and eggs were found. What parasite is this

A

T. Vulpis

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10
Q

What trichuris is known to cause rectal prolapse in dogs

A

T. Vulpis

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11
Q

Are Trichinella species heteroxenous or monoxenous

A

Heteroxenous

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12
Q

T or F: individuals infected with trichinella serve as IH and DH

A

True

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13
Q

Where do larvae of Trichinella migrate to

A

Skeletal muscle

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14
Q

Trichinellosis is rarely diagnosed in animals but poses huge public health risk, why?

A

Consuming raw or undercooked pork or bear

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15
Q

Name the genus, taken from bear meat

A

Trichinella

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16
Q

How can you dx Trichinella infection

A

Muscle biopsy- larvae migrate to skeletal muscle

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17
Q

What is the treatment for trichinella

A

Mebendazole or albendazole

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18
Q

What are the 4 major groups of strongylid nematodes

A
  1. GI hair worms and trichostrongyloid
  2. Large bowl stronglyes and modular worms
  3. Hookworms
    4 metastrongyloid lung, vascular and neural worms
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19
Q

What do GI hairowrms and trichostrongyloid lungworms infect

A

Mammals, birds

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20
Q

What do large bowel strongyles and nodular worms infect

A

Mammals, birds, reptiles

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21
Q

What do hookworms parasitize

A

Mammals

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22
Q

What do metastrongyloid lung, vascular and neural worms parasitize

A

Mammals

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23
Q

Which strongyloid nematode is heteroxenous (rest are monoxenous)

A

Metastrongyloid lung, vascular and neural worms

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24
Q

What domestic animals are most impact by GI hair worms and trichostrongyloid lung worms

A

Ruminants, swine, equine

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25
Q

Most trichostrongyloid infect __ or ___

A

Abomasum or stomach

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26
Q

What do Haemonchus spp feed on

27
Q

What do dictyocaulus spp infect

A

Respiratory passages

28
Q

What is the route of infection for trichostrongyloid

A

L3 larvae are ingested with vegetation

29
Q

Trichostrongyloid arrest in what phase in the host

A

Larval development

30
Q

What are the 3 types of larval arrest

A
  1. Seasonal
  2. Immune
  3. Crowded
31
Q

What is seasoning arrest

A

Initiated by environment cues

32
Q

What is immune arrest

A

Stimulated by host immune system in response to current adult worm burden

33
Q

What is crowded arrest

A

Stimulated by presence of adult worms

34
Q

What is the importance of arrested development

A

Larvae avoid conditions that are not conducive to their growth or offsprings growth and survival

35
Q

Trichostrongylus spp infect what species and where

A

SI of ruminants

36
Q

What species does T. Axei infect and where

A

Abomasum/stomach or ruminants and equids

37
Q

What does ostertagia ostertagi cause in cattle

A

Chronic abomastitis

38
Q

Where do haemonchus spp parasitize and what species

A

Abomasum of ruminants

39
Q

Sheep/goat or cow presented with anemia, black/tarry feces. The following worm was observed in feces. What parasite is this

A

H. Contortus

40
Q

What is the most important helminth parasite of sheep and goats in U.S.

A

H. Contortus

41
Q

What species do Cooperia spp infect and where

A

SI of ruminants

42
Q

What species does C. Punctata infect

43
Q

What species does Hyostrongylys rubidus infect and where

A

Stomach of swine

Aka red stomach worm

44
Q

Where do dictyocaulus species infect and what animals

A

Bronchial tree of ruminants and equids

45
Q

Cow presents with coughing, tachypnea, pulmonary edema. The following worms were observed in its lung. What parasite is this

A

D. Viviparus

46
Q

What species does D. Viviparus infect

A

Cattle and other ruminants

47
Q

How do you dx trichostrongyloid in GI

A

ID in fecal sample and perform Fecal egg count

48
Q

How can you identify trichostrongyloid lungworms

A

Baermann apparatus

49
Q

What is the tx for GI and lung trichostrongyloid

A

Fenbendazole, albendazole, ivermectin

50
Q

What animals are primarily impacted by large bowel strongyles (strongyloids) and nodular worms

A

Equids, ruminants, swine, poultry

51
Q

Where do most strongyloids infect

52
Q

What do syngamid worms infect

A

Upper respiratory tract of birds and mammals

53
Q

What does stephanurus dentatus infect and in what animal

A

Swine kidney

54
Q

What species does S. Vulgaris infect and where

A

Equine colon and cecum

55
Q

What do adult S. Vulgaris ingest

A

Mucosal plugs and blood

56
Q

Horse that are infected with what large strongyle can present with anemia, diarrhea, colic, enteritis, intussception

A

S. Vulgaris

57
Q

Image shows necrosis of cecum and colon in horse. The following worms were found. What parasite is this

A

S. Vulgaris

58
Q

What are cyathostomins

A

Small strongyles

59
Q

What species do small strongyles/cyathostomins infect and where

A

Equine colon and cecum

60
Q

What is larval cyathostominosis

A

Mass emergence of hypobiotic/arrested larvae

61
Q

What symptoms does larval cyathostominosis cause in horses

A

Acute onset of profuse diarrhea, colic

Can be fatal

62
Q

Nodular worms infect what species and where

A

SI/LI of ruminants, swine

63
Q

What is the tx for large bowel strongyles and nodular worms

A

Fenbendazole, moxidectin

Parasitology (28 decks)

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