Lecture 10: Integrated Vet Medicine Review Flashcards
What is the Haller’s Organ
Sensory organ possessed by hard and soft ticks. Senses humidity, temperature, carbon dioxide and pheromones
Soft or hard ticks:
>2 nymphal stages, fast feeding, multiple hosts, many oviposits
Soft
Soft or hard ticks: 1 nymphal stage, slow feeding, feed once, 1-3 hosts, one oviposit
Hard
Hard or soft ticks: Nidicolous
Soft
Hard or soft ticks: non-Nidicolous
Hard
What is the 1 host hard tick life cycle
Egg hatches to larvae and larvae attaches to host. Larvae molts to nymph then to adult, feeds and mates then drops off, lays eyes and dies
What two ticks cause bovine babesios
Rhipicephalus microplus and rhipicephalus annulatus
What does bovine babesios do to the brain
Results in pink brain due to blood vessel distention due to parasitized RBC’s
What is the hard tick life cycle with 2 hosts
Egg hatches to larvae, larvae goes to 1st host, feeds and molts to nymph, nymph then drops off to molt to adult
Adult feeds and mates on second host
Drops off, lays eggs and dies
What is the 3 host hard tick life cycle
Larvae attaches to first host then drops off to molt into nymph
Nymph feeds on second host then drops off to molt into adult
Adult feeds and mates on second host then falls off lays eggs and dies
What are the important genera of soft (Argasidae) ticks
Argas, ornithodoros, and otobuis
What are the important genera of hard (ixodidae) ticks
Rhipicephalus, Ixodes, amblyomma, and dermacentor
What is the host for ornithodoros
Most mammals
What argasidae has a leathery cuticle and rounder body margin
Ornithodoros
What tick spreads epizootic bovine abortion (pajaroellobacter abortibovis)
Ornithodoros coriaceus
what type of tick is this
Ornithodoros
What ticks cause tick paralysis
Dermacentor variabilis, dermacentor andersoni, amblyomma americanum, and Ixodes scapularis
Why are ticks good vectors
Blood feeders, wide host range, long-lived, few predators, high reproductive potential
What tick is a major vector for RMSF, especially in Arizona
Rhipicephalus sanguineus (brown dog tick)
What tick is a vector for bovine anaplasmosis
Dermacentor andersoni
What are some clinical signs for bovine anaplasmosis
Hemolytic anemia, fever, depression, anorexia
What is the vector for Hepatozoon americanum
Amblyomma maculatum
How can Hepatozoon americanum be transmitted
Ingest infected tick, paratenic host
What disease and vector cause neutrophilic leukocystosis, periosteal bone proliferation, onion skin cyst, and gamont in WBC
Disease: Hepatozoon americanum
Vector: amblyomma maculatum
What are the two possible vectors for cytauxzoono Felis
- Amblyomma americanum
- Dermacentor variabilis
What is the reservoir species for cytauzoon Felis
Bobcat
What causes tick paralysis
Salivary neurotoxin that inhibits the release of Ach
What type of botfly is found in the non-glandular stomach of horses
Gasterophilus intestinalis
What type of botfly is found in the pylorus/duodenum of horses
Gasterophilus nasal is
In what type of botfly can cause multifocal cerebral hemorrhage and feline ischemic encephalopathy in cats
Cuterebra spp.
What is the most common form of cutaneous leishmaniasis in dogs
Leishmania infantum
What is the vector for Leishmania
Sandflies
What type of Nematocera are intermediate hosts for heart worm
Mosquitoes- anopheles, aedes, and culex
What stage of D. Immitis migrates to pulmonary arteries and right heart
Adults
Who is more susceptible to heartworm, dogs or cats
Dogs
Are microfilariae more common in cats or dogs
Dogs
What is the organ of primary concern in dogs with D. Immitis
Heart
What is the organ of primary concern in cats with D. Immitis
Lungs
What is the most common ectoparasite of dogs and cats in N. America
C. Felis
What type of flea is this
C. canis
**can differentiate from C. Felis because genial comb is shorter than pronotal comb
In C. Felis they are the same length
What type of flea is this
C. Felis - genal and pronotal comb are same length
What type of mite is this
demodex
