Lecture 2 Flashcards
4 approaches to disease control
eradication
prevention and exclusion
immunization
management
3 levels of eradication
global level
national or regional scale
farm level
Characteristics of an eradicable disease are?
no carrier state
no subclinical infection/short incubation period
limited to one species or family
available intervention(good quality vaccine or test)
Methods of farm level disease eradication
depopulation and selective removal
2 types of accurate testing
sensitivity and specificity
sensitivity measures?
the ability of a test to identify truly diseased/infected animals
specificity measures?
the ability of a test to identify truly non-diseased animals
If sensitivity is high?
few false negatives
If specificity is high?
few false positives
Positive predictive value
the probability an animal that tested positive is truly diseased
Negative predictive value
the probability an animal that tested negative is truly healthy
Screening tests
applied to healthy animals, usually before clinical disease evident
diagnostic test
confirm or classify disease and are usually applied to abnormal or unhealthy animals
Disease management
all measures used to decrease the frequency of disease already present in a population of animals by decreasing or eliminating causes of the disease to a level of little or no consequence
disease control methods include
quarantine
prophylactic treatment
mass immunization
environmental control
Examples of prophylactic treatment for disease control
deworming before putting on pasture
coccidiostat in feed/water
Mass immunization is?
when all animals at risk within a population are vaccinated with the goal being to decrease clinical disease incidence or severity
environmental disease control methods include
ventilation
decrease pathogen load through cleanliness
stocking density
nutrition
Health management is?
the promotion of health and prevention of disease in animals within the economic/business framework of the animal owner/industry
HM recognizes issues of?
animal welfare, human safety and environmental impact
The health management cycle
set goals monitor and assess current status make decisions, develop plans, take actions effects of other factors performance outcomes repeat
principles of health management
promote optimal health accommodate business/economic realities promote animal welfare promote human and food safety consider potential environmental impact
The focus of promoting optimal health is
advising people on animal management for groups whether herds or flock and can be at a local, regional or national level
SMART goals
specific measurable achievable results oriented time framed
achievable aspect of goal setting
within the contraints of people, animals and their environment
