Lecture 14

Question 1

what is the difference between systematic and humanistic research

Answer 1

systematic -> quantitative
humanistic -> qualititative

Question 2

what does it mean for a song to go viral

Answer 2

-> how catchy a song is
-> how present it is in on social media
-> how it proliferates

Question 3

Rosati, Bolker et al. said that songs in a electronica genre spreads similarly to what

Answer 3

what happens for transmission within a susceptible community (epidemic model)

Question 4

define the recovery period

Answer 4

a period of time where the song loses its intense influence -> cooldown period

Question 5

_______ is a type of auditory stimuli that present different frequencies to each ear

Answer 5

binaural beats

Question 6

what can binaural beats produce

Answer 6

auditory illusions

Question 7

define phase locking

Answer 7

a synchronization between the sound wave and pattern of hair cell firing

Question 8

what structures of the brain is involved in phase locking

Answer 8

reticular activating system and inferior colliculus

Question 9

what happens when you are watching a flashing light

Answer 9

at a certain and constant frequency, the neuronal firing will start matching this frequency information -> you will internalize a neural representation of the beat

Question 10

binaural beats are thought to module both ______ and _____

Answer 10

neuronal firing and neural oscillations

Question 11

alpha waves are associated with what

Answer 11

lower arousal and divergent thinking
-> drifting off to sleep
-> positive thinking

Question 12

gamma waves are associated with what

Answer 12

-> memory recall
-> peak awareness
-> high level enhancement processing

Question 13

true or false - alpha waves are prominent when writing a test

Answer 13

false - it is beta waves

Question 14

true or false - theta waves are associated with REM sleep

Answer 14

true

Question 15

a positive mood can enhance ______

Answer 15

creativity

Question 16

what is suggested about people with schizophrenia and creativity

Answer 16

they have high levels of dopamine in certain parts of the brain and therefore demonstrate higher levels of creativity

Question 17

which chemical in the brain is associated with promoting creative thinking

Answer 17

dopamine

Question 18

define convergent thinking and which pathway is associated with this type of thinking

Answer 18

-> narrowing down a set of possibilities to find a single solution
-> frontal dopaminergic pathway

Question 19

define divergent thinking and which pathway is associated with this type of thinking

Answer 19

-> generating a wide range of ideas from an open ended problem
-> striatal dopaminergic pathway

Question 20

mental flexibility is supported by what pathway

Answer 20

striatal dopaminergic pathway

Question 21

focused attention is supported by what pathway

Answer 21

frontal dopaminergic pathway

Question 22

what is spontaneous eye blink rate used to measure

Answer 22

provide an estimate of the relative level of dopamine activity in the striatal dopaminergic pathway

Question 23

eye blink rates is correlated with performance on what kind of tasks

Answer 23

divergent thinking tasks

Question 24

Reedijk et al. tested the hypothesis that binaural beats can enhance creativity. what were the three stimuli used in this experiment

Answer 24

binaural beats representing alpha frequency, beta frequency and then a constant tone

Question 25

which test measures convergent thinking

Answer 25

remote association test

Question 26

which test measures divergent thinking

Answer 26

alternative/unusual uses test

Question 27

what are the two main results of the experiment testing the hypothesis that binaural beats can enhance creativity (done by Reedijk)

Answer 27

-> low eye blink rates -> lower dopamine -> larger benefits for alpha binaural beats

-> high eye blink rates -> no benefits or perform worse

Question 28

binaural beats enhanced performance in what type of thinking

Answer 28

divergent

Question 29

why did participants with high eye blink rates perform worse in Reedijk’s experiment

Answer 29

if people already have high physiological arousal and close to their “sweet spot” -> pushes them farther down the Yerkes Dodson law -> detrimental to performance

Question 30

what law did Reedijk et al.’s experiment base their interpretation of binaural beats and creativity off of

Answer 30

yerkes dodson law