Lecture 13 Block 3

Question 1

what can neuroinflammatory responses be caused by

Answer 1

peripheral immune responses, infection of the nervous system, brain injury, neurological diseases and stress

Question 2

how do cytokines effect learning

Answer 2

moderate levels of cytokines support learning and high levels of cytokines impair learning

Question 3

how is IL-1 beta involved in fear learning

Answer 3

foot shocks increase expression of IL-1beta in hippocampus

Question 4

what is neurogenesis

Answer 4

the process of birth of neurons from neural stem cells

Question 5

where does adult neurogenesis occur

Answer 5

in the sub granular zone of the hippocampus and the striatum

Question 6

what are the effects of adult neurogenesis

Answer 6

impaired learning/memory, Alzheimer’s, schizophrenia, stress and depression

Question 7

what suppresses adult neurogenesis

Answer 7

TNF alpha, PGE

Question 8

when are pro-inflammatory cytokines elevated

Answer 8

in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, autism, schizophrenia, depression and traumatic brain injury