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Intro To Psychology > lecture 10 pt 2: stress, coping and health > Flashcards

lecture 10 pt 2: stress, coping and health Flashcards

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1
Q

factors that influence drug effects

A
  1. Frequency of use and quantity consumed
  2. Personal characteristics – age, body size, physiology,
    mood, motivation…
  3. The dose and potency of the drug
  4. Expectations of what the drug will produce
  5. Familiarity of drug use location
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2
Q

drugs and altering neurotransmitter activity

A
  1. amphe. + cocaine release and reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine
  2. opiates work like endorphins in body
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3
Q

Drug dependence/addiction

A

Physical dependence
Psychological dependence

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4
Q

Physical dependence

A

when the person must continue
to take the drug to avoid withdrawal symptoms

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5
Q

Psychological dependence

A

when the person must
continue to take the drug to satisfy intense mental and
emotional cravings for the drug

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6
Q

negative affects on overall health: drugs

A
  1. Alcohol can lead to liver and heart disease
  2. Cocaine can lead to damages in the nasal passages
  3. Tobacco can lead to lung infections, cancer and respiratory
    illnesses
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7
Q

motivational interviewing

A

leading ppl to form their own conclusions by asking leading ques. that focus on self-image and current behaviours

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8
Q

multimodal treatment approaches

A
  1. biological measures
  2. psychological measures
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9
Q

biological measures

A
  1. nicotine patches to help stop smoking
  2. eating candy as a substance for vaping
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10
Q

psychological measures

A
  • aversion therapy
  • stress management
  • self-monitoring
  • coping skills
  • counselling…
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11
Q

relapse prevention

A
  1. person encounters high-risk situations
  2. coping response
  3. increased self-efficacy
  4. decreased probability in relapse
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12
Q

abstinence violation effect

A

becoming upset and self-blaming after lapse and viewing as proof that quitting is hopeless

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13
Q

abstinence violation effect facts

A
  1. self-blame = sense of hopelessness and result in abandonment
  2. better coping skills lead to understand occasional lapse isnt bad
  3. lapse means someone encountered difficult situation that exceeded current coping skills
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14
Q

PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder)

A

psychological disorder that occurs in ppl who experienced or witnessed traumatic event

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15
Q

how PTSD comes to be

A
  1. death or threatened death
  2. actual or threatened series injury
  3. actual or threatened sexual violence
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16
Q

symptoms of PTSD

A
  • intrusive, repeated + involuntary memories (flashbacks)
  • distressing dreams and sleep disturbance
  • avoidance behaviours:
    • ppl, places, activities, objects that trigger memory
    • remember or talking about traumatic event
17
Q

more symptoms: PTSD

A
  • changes in mood & thinking
  • unable to remember event
  • neg, though about oneself or others
  • wrongly blaming oneself or others
  • ongoing fear, anger, guilt, shame
  • loss of interest in activities
  • unable to exp. positive emotions
  • irritability and angry outbursts
18
Q

major challenge of PTSD

A
  • sensitivity to triggers
    (physical or emotional stimuli that brain has associated with traumatic experience)
19
Q

facts about PTSD

A

not everyone who experiences trauma develops PTSD and finding buffering effects of certain characteristics

20
Q

statistics about PTSD

A
  • 27.8% of veterans develop PTSD within 12 months
  • 60.5% of refugees from Kosovo showed signs of PTSD
21
Q

resilience factors

A
  • social support
  • presence of significant childhood stress
  • personality
  • coping strats
  • pre-existing psychological conditions
22
Q

health promotion

A
  1. behaviour plays important role in health
  2. prevent health problems by modifying people’s behaviours are the basis of health psychology
23
Q

stages of change

A
  1. pre-contemplation
  2. contemplation
  3. preparations
  4. action
  5. maintenance
  6. termination
24
Q

precontemplation

A

problem unrecognized or unacknowledged

25
Q

preparations

A

recognition of problem; contemplating change

26
Q

action

A

implementing change strategies

27
Q

maintenance

A

behaviour change is being maintained

27
Q

termination

A

permanent change, no maintenance efforts required

27
Q

good coping health promotion

A
  1. exercise - good for health promotion
  2. moderate exercise was found to be associated with longevity and health
  3. performing 70-85% of maximal heart rate for 15 mins, 3x a week
27
Q

why dont more people exercise regularly?

A
  1. low self-esteem
  2. type A - too busy exercise
  3. inflated estimates of current fitness levels
  4. inactive leisure-time pursuits
  5. lack of support
  6. evolutionary reasons

Intro To Psychology (28 decks)

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