lecture 10 pt 1: stress, coping and health

Question 1

resilience

Answer 1

unexpectedly good recovery and sometimes positive growth following stress and/or extreme adversity

Question 2

facts of resilience

Answer 2

• different from hardiness, which is a personality characteristic for coping with stress
• recovery that is quicker and more effective
• resilient ppl often use humour, positive emotions, social support, optimism and positive thinking

Question 3

coping self-efficacy

Answer 3

belief that we can perform the behaviour necessary to cope with stress successfully

Question 4

facts about coping self-efficacy

Answer 4

• specific to the situation
• increased by past successes, observing similar others succeed
• exp. low physiological arousal can convey a sense of strength and ability to cope

Question 5

self-efficacy are associated with…

Answer 5

better immune system functioning

Question 6

Optimism

Answer 6

hopefulness and confident about future or the successful outcome of something

Question 7

optimism facts

Answer 7

• appraise themselves as being less helpless in face of stress & adjusted better to neg, life events
• associated with better overall health + positive emotions (happiness)
• pessimist general suffer more illnesses over their lifetimes + die young

Question 8

personality types

Answer 8

1. Type A
2. Type B

Question 9

Type A

Answer 9

live under great pressure, demanding themselves + others
- more stressed, prone to rapid talking/moving/walking/eating
- exaggerated sense of time urgency + become irritated at delays

Question 10

Type B

Answer 10

relaxed, agreeable, less time urgency, etc

Question 11

finding meaning in life… facts

Answer 11

• people who are able to find meaning in neg, events exp
• religious beliefs

Question 12

positive religious beliefs

Answer 12

coping with losses, illness or positive setbacks

Question 13

negative religious beliefs

Answer 13

• god punishing someone
• victims of demonic forces
• angry towards deities or religious authority figures

Question 14

problem-focused coping

Answer 14

dealing with the problem or changing it so that its not stressful

Question 15

problem-focused coping

Answer 15

• studying for test, talking to the other person in fight, gaining skills

Question 16

emotion-focused coping

Answer 16

manage your feelings about the event

Question 17

seeking social support

Answer 17

turning to others for assistance and emotional support

Question 18

how to do problem-focused coping

Answer 18

• planning
• active coping and problem-solving
• suppressing competing activities
• exercising restraint
• assertive confrontation

Question 19

emotional-focused coping

Answer 19

• positive reinterpretation
• acceptance
• denial
• relaxation techniques
• escape-avoidance
• wishful thinking
• controlling feelings

Question 20

forms of seeking social support

Answer 20

• helping and guidance
• emotional support
• affirmation of worth
• tangible aid (e,g., money)

Question 21

problem-focused and social support

Answer 21

1. better then emotion-focused ways of handling stress
2. involve avoiding feelings, taking out on others, trying escape situation

Question 22

negative coping strategies

Answer 22

1. drug/alcoholism
2. self-injury/self-harm
3. bottling up feelings

Question 23

drug/alcoholism

Answer 23

used to regulate stress-inducing emotions

Question 24

self injury/self-harm

Answer 24

intention of harming oneself without suicidal intention

(cutting, burning, scratching, preventing wounds from healing, hitting, hair-pulling…)

Question 25

bottling up feelings

Answer 25

1. getting it out by writing about or talking about it with others (good) 2. venting strong emotions is not best way to go about 3. inability to express neg, emotions is associated with increased risk of poor health

Question 26

substance abuse: psychoactive drugs

Answer 26

1. chemical substances that modify mental, emotional, and behavioural function 2. include legal and illegal drugs

Question 27

types of drugs

Answer 27

1. narcotics (opiates) 2. sedatives 3. stimulants 4. hallucinogens 5. cannabis 6. MDMA (ecstasy, molly)

Question 28

# dad in hospital narcotics (opiates)

Answer 28

drugs derived from opium that are capable of relieving pain, such as heroine, morphine and oxycodone

Question 29

# gojo vs toji effects of narcotics

Answer 29

1. Produce overwhelming sense of euphoria 2. Side effects include lethargy, nausea, impaired mental and motor functioning

Question 30

sedatives

Answer 30

sleep-inducing drugs that tend to decrease central nervous system activation and behavioral activity

Question 31

how sedatives work

Answer 31

1. produce "downer" effect that depresses mental activity 2. gives that user euphoria similar to alcohol

Question 32

stimulants

Answer 32

increase central nervous system activity

Question 33

what do stimulants do

Answer 33

give people a “top of the world” feeling - increase alertness, bordering on paranoia and insomnia

Question 34

hallucinogens

Answer 34

- diverse group of drugs that have powerful effects on mental and emotional functioning - marked most prominently by distortions in sensory and perceptual experience

Question 35

what do hallucinogens do?

Answer 35

LSD: - mescaline and psilocybin are among the most well-known product - euphoria, increased sensory awareness and sensory - “mystical” feeling

Question 36

LSD usages

Answer 36

Often used in cultural religious ceremonies and people that identify with the counter-culture movement of the 1960’s

Question 37

Cannabis

Answer 37

mix of dried leaves, flowers, stems and seeds taken from the plant

Question 38

Cannabis facts

Answer 38

- Hashish comes from the plant’s resin - Can be smoked or combined with food (ingested) - Produces a mild, relaxed euphoria and enhanced sensory awareness

Question 39

side effects of cannabis

Answer 39

anxiety, sluggish mental functioning and impaired memory

Question 40

MDMA: Ecstasy and molly

Answer 40

compound related to amphetamines and hallucinogens