Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology > Lec 25- Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Lec 25- Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Gametes

A

Reproductive or germ cells.

Sperm or eggs are formed in gonads by meiosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Haploid

A

23 chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Fertilization

A

fusion of sperm and egg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Diploid

A

46 chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Chromosomes

A

a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Homologous chromosome

A

Homologous chromosomes are made up of chromosome pairs of approximately the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern, for genes with the same corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism’s mother; the other is inherited from the organism’s father.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Autosomal chromosomes

A

22 of the 23 chromosomes from each parent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sex chomosomes

A

The 23rd pair are sex chromosomes.
XX = female
XY = male
The medical determination of sex is determined by the individuals genotype.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Barr body

A

Only 1 of 2 X’s in females become active.
Other forms clump of inactive heterochromatin called Barr body.
Used as test for chromosomal sex.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Gonads

A

Primary reproductive organs.

Will become testes in males; ovaries in females.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Testosterone

A

In absence of this, female sex organs will eventually develop.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

TDF - testis determining factor

A

In the first trimester, the Y chromosome produces this compound which will convert the gonads to testes.
Produced by an SRY gene (sex-determining region of the Y chromosome)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

SRY - sex determining region of the Y chromosme

A

Produces TDF (Testis-determining factor) which will convert the gonads to testes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sperm

A

Carry 23 chromosomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ovum

A

Carry 23 chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Seminiferous tubules

A

In testes, where spermatogenesis occurs and interstitial tissue housing T-secreting Leydig cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Leydig cells

A

In testes, where spermatogenesis occurs and interstitial tissue housing T-secreting Leydig cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Ovarian follicles

A

An ovarian follicle is a roughly spheroid cellular aggregation set found in the ovaries. It secretes hormones that influence stages of the menstrual cycle. Women begin puberty with about 400,000 follicles, each with the potential to release an egg cell (ovum) at ovulation for fertilization.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

cryptochidism

A

a condition in which one or both of the testes fail to descend from the abdomen into the scrotum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Accessory sex organs

A

In males include; epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and ejaculatory duct.
In females; uterus and fallopian tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Wolffian ducts

A

Male accessory sex organs are derived from wolffian ducts.

22
Q

Epididymis

A

a highly convoluted duct behind the testis, along which sperm passes to the vas deferens.

23
Q

vas deferens

A

the duct which conveys sperm from the testicle to the urethra.

24
Q

seminal vesicles

A

The seminal vesicles (Latin: glandulae vesiculosae), vesicular glands, or seminal glands, are a pair of simple tubular glands posteroinferior to the urinary bladder of some male mammals. Seminal vesicles are located within the pelvis. They secrete fluid that partly composes the semen.

25
Q

Ejaculatory duct

A

The ejaculatory ducts (ductus ejaculatorii) are paired structures in male anatomy. Each ejaculatory duct is formed by the union of the vas deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle. They pass through the prostate, and open into the urethra at the seminal colliculus.

26
Q

Mullerian ducts

A

Female accessory sex organs are derived from Mullerian ducts and include uterus and fallopian tubes.

27
Q

Uterus

A

the organ in the lower body of a woman or female mammal where offspring are conceived and in which they gestate before birth; the womb.

28
Q

Fallopian tubes

A

One of the two Fallopian tubes that transport the egg from the ovary to the uterus (the womb). In the diagram, the Fallopian tubes are not labeled but are well shown running between the uterus and ovaries. The Fallopian tubes have small hair-like projections called cilia on the cells of the lining.

29
Q

External genitelia

A

The external genitalia are the accessory structures of the female reproductive system that are external to the vagina. They are also referred to as the vulva or pudendum. The external genitalia include the labia majora, mons pubis, labia minora, clitoris, and glands within the vestibule.

30
Q

Penis

A

Testis secretions (testosterone) masculinize to form penis, male urethra and scortum.

31
Q

Male urethra

A

Tube from bladder to external environment.

32
Q

Scortum

A

Holds the testis

33
Q

Homologous structures

A

In absence of testosterone, clitoris forms instead of penis and labia instead of scrotum. (are homologous structures)

34
Q

Puberty

A

Both testes and ovaries remain inactive after birth until puberty.
At puberty hypothalamus increases GnRH secretion.
This stimulates increased LH and FSH.
Which stimulates sex steroid secretion.
Which drives changes in secondary sex characteristics and menarche (1st menstral flow)

35
Q

Inhibin

A

Inhibin from Sertolis provides negative feedback on FSH.

36
Q

Estradiol

A

Estrogen (Estradiol - 17B) and its derivatives are produced by the enzyme aromatase.

37
Q

Aromatase

A

Enzyme

Estrogen (Estradiol - 17B) and its derivatives are produced by the enzyme aromatase.

38
Q

Sertoli cells

A

of STs (seminiferous tubules) contain receptors for FSH.

39
Q

Spermatogenesis

A

Creation of sperm. Stimulated by FSH.

40
Q

Spermatogonia

A

are embedded in and nurtured by adjacent Sertolis cells.

41
Q

Meiosis

A

stage 2 of spermatogenesis

42
Q

Blood-testes barrier

A

prevents autoimmune destruction, created by sertolis cells.

43
Q

ABP - androgen binding protein

A

Sertolis secretes ABP into lumen of STs. Binds stestosterone, concentrating it in tubules.

44
Q

Acrosome

A

Tip of head of sperm

45
Q

Rete testis

A

Spermatozoa and fluids exit ST’s via rete testes.

46
Q

Efferent ductules

A

Pass through this to epididymis.

47
Q

Prostate

A

Where ejaculatory duct and urethra merge.

48
Q

Semen

A

Ejaculatory fluid

49
Q

Oligospermia

A

Sperm count less than 20 million

50
Q

Gossypol

A

interferes with sperm development

51
Q

Vasectemy

A

each vas deferen is cut and tied.

Physiology (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions