Lec 17- Human ECG's and Innate immunology Flashcards
Electrocardium
An electrical activity record of the heart; using surface electrodes.
Dipole
a pair of equal and oppositely charged or magnetized poles separated by a distance.
QRS complex
ventricular depolarization
T-wave
ventricular repolarization
P-R interval
AV nodal delay
Arrhythmia
Any variation from the normal rhythm and sequence of excitation of the heart.
Myopathes
Damage to heart walls
Bradycardia
Slower than normal heart beat.
Fewer than 60 beats a minute.
Tachycardia
Faster than normal heart beat.
More than 100 beats per minutes.
Flutter
FIND
Fibrillation
FIND
Electrical defribrillaltion
FIND
1st degree (primary) AV block
(PR > 0.2 sec)
Long conduction through AV node.
2nd degree (secondary) AV block
When only 1 out of 2-4 atrial AP’s can pass to ventricles.
Causes P waves with no QRS
3rd degree (complete) AV block
No atrial activity passes to ventricles.
Ventricles driven slowly by bundle of his or purkinje fibers.
Pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
Produced only by microorganisms.
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS-gram neg)
gram bacteria?
Peptidoglycan
from gram +s
Extravasation
WBCs from blood exit capillaries by extravasation.
Diapedesis
WBCs from blood exit capillaries.
Pyrogens
release by WBCs in response to endotoxin from gram-bracteria
Opsinization
As inflammation progresses, B cells produce antibodies against bacterial anitgens.
Attachment of antibodies to antigens amplifies nonspecific responses because of complement activation & promotes phagocytic activity of neutrophils, macrophages, and monocytes (=opsinization)
Mast cells
release histamine
Heparin
release by granular leukocytes.
Histamine
dilates local blood vessels and widens capillary pores.
Leukotriene
any of a group of biologically active compounds, originally isolated from leukocytes. They are metabolites of arachidonic acid, containing three conjugated double bonds.
