Laboratory 9: Connective Tissues Flashcards
Functions: Loosely binds organs; holds tissue fluids. This is _____ connective tissue?
Areolar connective
Functions: Protects, insulates, stores fat. This is ____ connective tissue.
Adipose connective
Functions: Tightly binds body parts. This is ___ Connective tissue.
Dense regular connective
Functions: Sustains tissue tension; durable. This is _____ connective tissue.
Dense irregular connective
Functions: Provides elastic quality. This is __ connective tissue
Elastic connective tissue
Functions : Supports protects and provides framework. This is ____ connective tissue.
Hyaline connective
Functions: Supports, protects, absorbs shock. This is ____ connective tissue.
Fibrocartilage connective tissue
Functions: Supports, protects, absorbs shock.
Functions: Supports, protects, provides flexible framework. This is ____ connective tissue.
Elastic cartilage connective tissue
Functions: Supports, protects, provides flexible framework.
Functions: Supports, protects, provides framework; calcium storage.
Bone connective tissue
Functions: Transports nutrients, wastes, and gases; defends against disease; clotting, This is ____ connective tissue
Blood
What are the types of “loose” connective tissue?
Areolar connective, adipose, reticular connective.
What are the types of “bone” connective tissues?
Compact bone, spongy bone.
What are the types of “liquid” connective tissue?
Blood and Lymph.
What is a mast cells function?
Secretes histamine (a vasodilator) and heparin (an anticogulant)
What is a fibroblast cells function?
Synthesize extracellular matrix (protein fibers and ground substance)
What is a adipocyte cells function?
Stores fat; an energy reservoir
What is a chrondroblasts cells function?
produces cartilage; called chrondrocyte when isolated in lacunae
What is a osteoblasts cells function?
Produces bone.
What is a leukocytes function?
White blood cell; fights off infection and pathogens.
What is an erythrocytes function?
Red blood cell; transports gases
What is a platelets cells function?
Cell fragment. secretes chemicals to attract clotting proteins and to stimulate blood vessels growth; acts to reduce blood loss.
What are connective tissues derived from?
Embroynic tissue called mesenchyme.
What are some of the main functions of connective tissues?
They bind structures together. Provide support and protection, fill spaces, store fat and transport blood cells.
Differences between epithelial cells and connective tissues?
Connective tissue cells are not as close together as epithelial cells are and are often widely scattered in an abundance of a noncellular extracellular matrix.
What is the extra cellular matrix in regards to connective tissue?
The extracellular matrix varies in quantity and form depending on the specific tissue type and is like a filler material between the cells.
What do the cells of connective tissue produce and secrete?
Two components of the extra cellular matrix known as the ground substances and fibers.
What is the ground substance?
The ground substance varies from a liquid to a semisolid to a solid and has functions in support and as a medium for substances to move between cells and blood vessels.
What are the fibers of the extracellular matrix?
They consists of fibrous proteins including collagen, elastic and reticular.
What do the fibers provide?
The fibers provide the binding properties within the tissue and between the organs.
Describe collagen fibers :
Collagen fibers are thick threads, the most abundant of the three types and are white in unstained tissues.
Describe elastic fibers :
Elastic fibers form complex networks of a highly branched protein called elastin.
Describe reticular fibers :
Reticular fibers are fine threads of highly branched collagen with glycoprotein.
Forms framework of outer ear
Elastic Cartilage
Functions as heat insulator beneath skin
Adipose
Contains large amounts of fluid and transports nutrients, wastes, and gases
Blood
Cells in solid matrix arranged around central canal
Bone (compact)
Binds skin to underlying organs
Areolar connective
Main tissue of tendons and ligaments
Dense Connective Tissue (regular)
Forms the flexible part of the nasal septum and the ends of long bones
Hyaline caritlage
Pads between vertebrae that are shock absorbers
Fibrocartilage
Occurs in some ligament attachments between vertebrae and larger artery walls
Elastic connective tissue
Forms supporting tissue in walls of thymus and spleen
Reticular connective tissue
Main tissue of dermis
Dense irregular
Cells in a fluid gel-like matrix with parallel collagen fibers
Dense regular
Contains loose arrangement of elastic and collagen fibers
Elastic connective
What is an osteoblast?
immature bone cells
What is an osteocyte?
mature bone cells
What is the cutaneous membrane?
Cutaneous membrane, or skin, is an organ system consisting of a keratinized squamous epithelium (epidermis) firmly attached to a thick layer of dense irregular connective tissue (dermis)
What is a mucous membrane?
Mucous membranes line body cavities that open to the exterior, such as those of hollow organs of the digestive, respiratory, and urogenital tracts
What is serous membrane?
Between the visceral and parietal membranes, thin fluid
What are endocrine glands?
Produce hormones: regulatory chemicals that they secrete by exocytosis directly into the extracellular space
Ductless glands
What are exocrine glands?
Secrete their products onto body surfaces (skin) or into body cavities:
What are the three skin pigments?
Melanin, Carotene, Hemoglobin
