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BIO Anatomy and Physiology Lab > Laboratory 17 : Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limb > Flashcards

Laboratory 17 : Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limb Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does the pelvic girdle include?

A

The pelvic girl includes two hip bones, commonly called the ossa coxae, that articulate with each other anteriorly at the pubic symphysis.

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2
Q

Where do the hip bones articulate with each other (anteriorly)?

A

Anteriorly at the pubic symphysis.

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3
Q

What constitutes the pelvis?

A

The pelvic girdle, sacrum, and coccyx.

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4
Q

What does the pelvis do?

A

Provides support for the trunk of the body and provides attachments for the lower limbs.

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5
Q

What does the pelvis support and protect?

A

The pelvis supports and protects the viscera in the pelvic region of the abdominal cavity.

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6
Q

What is the pelvic outlet?

A

Includes the coccyx, inferior border of the pubic symphysis and between the ischial tuberosities.

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7
Q

Why is the pelvic outlet important in females?

A

The pelvic outlet must be large enough to successfully accommodate the fetal head during delivery.

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8
Q

What does each acetabulum of hip bones articulate with?

A

Each acetabulum of a hip bone articulates with the head of the femur of a lower limb.

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9
Q

Which joint is more stable, hip or shoulder?

A

Hip joint.

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10
Q

What do the bones of the lower limb form?

A

The bones of the lower limb form the frame work of the thigh, leg, and foot.

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11
Q

What does the thigh represent anatomically?

A

Represents the region from hip to knee.

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12
Q

What does the leg represent anatomically?

A

Leg is from knee to ankle.

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13
Q

What does foot represent anatomically?

A

Foot is from ankle to toe.

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14
Q

What bone does the thigh represent?

A

Femur

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15
Q

What bone does the knee include?

A

Patella.

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16
Q

What bones does the leg include?

A

Fibula, Tibula

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17
Q

What bones does the foot include?

A

Seven tarsals, five metatarsals, and fourteen phalanges.

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18
Q

How many tarsals ?

A

Seven

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19
Q

How many metatarsals?

A

Five

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20
Q

How many phalanges in the foot

A

Fourteen

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21
Q

What do all the bones in the lower limb have in common?

A

These bones and muscles attached to them provide weight bearing support and locomotion and thus are considerably larger and possess more stable joints than those of an upper limb.

22
Q

What does the pelvic girdle support?

A

Supports the majority of the weight of the head neck and trunk.

23
Q

Where does the hip bone originate?

A

Three seperate ossification areas known as ilium, isichium, and pubis.

24
Q

When are hip bones formed?

A

The ilium, isichuim and pubis are three bones in a child but eventually fuse into a single bone.

25
Q

Where do the hip bones fuse?

A

All three parts of the hip bone fuse within the acetabulum.

26
Q

Where do the ischium and pubis also fuse?

A

They also fuse along the inferior portion of the obturator foramen.

27
Q

What is the acetabulum?

A

The acetabulum is a well formed deep socket that articulates with the head of the femur.

28
Q

What is the obturator foramen?

A

The obturator foramen is the largest foramen in the body. It serves as a passage way of blood vessels and nerves between the pelvic cavity and the thigh.

29
Q

What is the median sacral crest?

A

Is near the middle of the posterior surface of the pelvis, somewhat superior to the coccyx.

30
Q

What is the ilium?

A

The ilium is the largest portion of the hip bone and its iliac crest can be palpated along the anterior and lateral portions.

31
Q

What is the greater sciatic notch?

A

Portion in illium.

32
Q

What is the auricular surface?

A

Portion in illium that articulates with sacrum to form sacroiliac joint

33
Q

What is the ischial tuberosity?

A

Supports weight of the body when seated

34
Q

What is the pubic symphysis?

A

Cartilagenous joint between pubic bones.

35
Q

What is the pubic arch?

A

Formed by a pubic bones pelvis

36
Q

What is the acetabulum formed by?

A

Formed by portions of the ilium, ischium and pubis.

37
Q

What is the obturator foramen formed by?

A

Formed by portions of the ilium, ischium and pubis.

38
Q

What is the strongest bone in the human body?

A

Femur

39
Q

What is the weakest part of the femur?

A

The neck of the femur is the weakest part. It is a common fracture site especially if the person has some degree of osteoporosis.

40
Q

What is the difference between male and female general structure of pelvis?

A

Male: Heavier, thicker bones and processes
Female: Lighter, thinner bones and processes

41
Q

What is the difference between male and female sacrum?

A

Male: Narrower and lighter
Female: Wider and shorter

42
Q

What is the difference between male and female coccyx?

A

Male: Less Moveable
Female: More moveable

43
Q

What is the difference between male and female pelvic outlet?

A

Male: Smaller
Female: Larger

44
Q

What is the difference between male and female Greater Sciotic Notch?

A

Male: Narrower
Female: Wider

45
Q

What is the difference between male and female Obturator foramen?

A

Male: Round
Female: Triangular to oval

46
Q

What is the difference between male and female Acetabula?

A

Male: Larger; close together
Female: Smaller, farther apart

47
Q

What is the difference between male and female pubic arch?

A

Male: Usually 90 degrees or less, more v shaped
Female: Usually greater then 90 degrees

48
Q

What is the difference between male and female Ischial spines?

A

Male: Longer, closer together.
Female: Shorter, farther apart

49
Q

What is the difference between male and female ischial tuberosities?

A

Male: Rougher, closer together
Female: Smoother, farther apart

50
Q

What is the difference between illiac crests male and female?

A

Male: Less flared closer together
Female: More flared further apart

BIO Anatomy and Physiology Lab (49 decks)

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