Laboratory 10: Muscles and Nervous Tissue Flashcards
What are muscle tissues characterized by?
The presence of elongated cells often referred to as muscle fibers that can contract to create body movements.
Where are our muscles?
Attached to the skeleton but muscles are also components of our many internal organs.
What happens during muscle contraction?
Considerable body heat is generated to help maintain body temperature.
What happens if more heat is generated then needed?
When more heat is generated then needed to maintain body temperature much of the heat is dissipated from our bodies through the skin.
What are the three types of muscles?
Skeletal, smooth, cardiac
Describe skeletal muscles?
Are usually under our conscious control and are considered voluntary.
Are usually under our conscious control and are considered voluntary. These are:
Skeletal Muscles.
Where are most skeletal muscles?
Most are attached to bones via tendons.
What skeletal muscles do not attach to bones?
Tongue, facial muscles and voluntary sphincters.
What are the functions of skeletal muscles?
Body movements, maintaining posture, breathing speaking and controlling waste eliminations. As well as helping to maintain blood sugar levels, heat production, and protection.
Body movements, maintaining posture, breathing speaking and controlling waste eliminations. As well as helping to maintain blood sugar levels, heat production, and protection. These are functions of _____.
Skeletal muscles.
What do skeletal muscles look like?
Skeletal muscles are striated with an organized pattern of contractile proteins and are multinucleated.
Describe smooth muscles
Smooth muscle cells are NOT striated and each cell has a fusiform shape with a nucleus close to its center. UNDER INVOLUNTARY CONTROL.
_____ cells are NOT striated and each cell has a fusiform shape with a nucleus close to its center. UNDER INVOLUNTARY CONTROL.
Smooth muscle
Where would you find smooth muscle?
Many visceral organs, the iris, blood vessels, respitatory tissues, and attached to hair follicles.
Many visceral organs, the iris, blood vessels, respitatory tissues, and attached to hair follicles. These are all the locations of ______
Smooth muscle.
What are the functions of smooth muscle?
Controlling pupil size, blood flow, air flow, and creating goosebumps if we are to cold or frightened.
Controlling pupil size, blood flow, air flow, and creating goosebumps if we are to cold or frightened. These are all functions of ______.
Smooth Muscle
Describe cardiac muscle
Cardiac muscle cells are striated and seperated from one another by intercalated discs that contain gap junctions and desosomes.
______ muscle cells are striated and seperated from one another by intercalated discs that contain gap junctions and desosomes.
Cardiac
What are gap junctions?
Avenues for electrical impulses.
Avenues for electrical impulses. These are known as _____
Gap junctions.
What are desosomes?
Mechanical connections that keep the cardiac muscle from pulling apart.
Mechanical connections that keep the cardiac muscle from pulling apart. These are known as _____
Desosomes.
Where can glycogen be found?
Glycogen can be found surrounding the nucleus of the cell.
Where do nervous tissues occur?
In the brain, spinal cord, and peripheal nerves.
What are the two types of nervous tissue cells?
Neurons and neuroglia.
What do neurons do?
They generate signals called action potentials (nerve impulses) along the nueron to another nueron or to a muscle or gland.
What do neuroglia do?
Cannot generate/recieve nerve impulses.
But have important supportive and protective functions for neurons.
Coordinates, regulates, and integrates body functions
Nervous tissue
Contains intercalated discs.
Cardiac muscle
Muscle that lacks striations
Smooth muscle
Striated and involuntary
Cardiac muscle
Striated and voluntary
Skeletal muscle
Contains nuerons and neuroglia
Nervous tissue
Muscle attached to bones
Skeletal muscle
Muscle that composes heart
Cardiac muscle
Moves food through the digestive tract
Smooth muscle
Conducts impulses along cellular processes
Nervous tissue
Muscle under concious control
Skeletal muscle
Muscle of blood vessels and iris
Smooth muscle
