Laboratory 22: Muscles of the Head and Neck Flashcards
What do the skeletal muscles of the head and neck include?
The skeletal muscles of the head include the muscles of facial expression.
Why are human facial expressions more variable than those of other mammals?
Human facial expressions are more variable than those of other mammals because many of the muscles have insertions in the skin rather than on bones, allowing great versatility of movements and emotions.
Where are the muscles of mastication?
The muscles of mastication are ALL inserted on the mandible.
What do the muscles of chewing allow for?
Muscles for chewing allow for the movement of depression and elevation of the mandible to open and close the jaw.
In what ways does the jaw move?
Depression and elevation of the mandible to open and close the jaw.
Protraction, retraction, lateral excursion and medial excursion needed to bite off pieces of food and grind the food.
Where are the muscles that move the head?
The muscles that move the head are located in the neck.
How do the actions of flexion, extension, and hyperextension of the head take place?
The actions of flexion, extension, and hyperextension of the head and the cervical vertebral column occur when right and left paired muscles work simultaneously.
How do the actions of lateral flexion and rotation of the head occur?
Additional actions such as lateral flexion and rotation occur from muscles on one side only contracting or alternating muscles contracting.
What muscle assist in swallowing and speech?
A group of neck muscles that have attachments on the hyoid bone and larynx attachments on the hyoid bone and larynx assist in swallowing and speech.
What are the muscles of mastication?
1) Masseter
2) Temporalis
3) Lateral pterygoid
4) Medial pterygoid
What are the muscles that move the head and neck?
1) Sternocleidomastoid
2) Trapezius (Superior part)
3) Scalenes (Anterior, middle and posterior)
4) Spenius capitis
5) Semispinalis capitis
