Laboratory 13: Organization of the Skeleton.

Question 1

What are the two divisions of the skeleton?

Answer 1

Axial skeleton, appendicular skeleton.

Question 2

What does the axial skeleton consist of?

Answer 2

Consists of the bones and cartilages of the head, neck and trunk.

Question 3

What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?

Answer 3

Consists of the bones of the limbs and those that anchor the limbs to the axial skeleton.

Question 4

What are the bones that anchor the limbs?

Answer 4

Pectoral and pelvic girdles.

Question 5

What is ossification?

Answer 5

The formation of bone.

Question 6

When does ossification occur?

Answer 6

During fetal development and continues through childhood growth.

Question 7

What are the types of ossification?

Answer 7

Growth of intramembranous bones, growth of endochondral bones.

Question 8

What occurs during the growth of intramembranous bones?

Answer 8

Membrane like connective tissue layers similar to the dermis develop in an area destined to become the flat bones of the skull.

Question 9

What occurs during the growth of endochondral bones?

Answer 9

Develop from hyaline cartilage and through the ossification process develop into most of the skeleton.

Question 10

How many bones in the adult skeleton?

Answer 10

206.

Question 11

How many bones in the fetal skeleton?

Answer 11

275.

Question 12

Why are there more bones at birth?

Answer 12

Many ossification centers are still composed of cartilage and some bones form during childhood.

Question 13

What are sutural (wormain) bones?

Answer 13

Extra bones that sometimes form in the skull within the sutures.

Question 14

What are the categories of the features of bone?

Answer 14

Projection, articulation, depression, opening.

Question 15

What does palpated mean?

Answer 15

Touched.

Question 16

What are projections?

Answer 16

Sites for tendon and ligament attachments.

Question 17

What are articulations?

Answer 17

Where bones connect at a joint.

Question 18

What are depressions?

Answer 18

Recessed areas in bones.

Question 19

What are openings?

Answer 19

Open spaces in bones.

Question 20

Crest

Answer 20

Ridgelike. Projections,

Question 21

Epicondyle

Answer 21

Superior to condyle (projections)

Question 22

Line (Linea)

Answer 22

Slightly raised edge. (Projection)

Question 23

Process

Answer 23

prominent (Projections)

Question 24

Protuberance

Answer 24

Outgrowth (Projections)

Question 25

Ramus

Answer 25

Extension (Projection)

Question 26

Spine

Answer 26

Thornlike (Projection)

Question 27

Trochanter

Answer 27

Large located on femur bone (Projection)

Question 28

Tubercle

Answer 28

Small knob like (Projection)

Question 29

Tuberosity

Answer 29

Rough elevation (Projection)

Question 30

Condyle

Answer 30

Rounded process (Articulation)

Question 31

Facet

Answer 31

Nearly flat (Articulation)

Question 32

Head

Answer 32

Expanded end (Articulation)

Question 33

Alveolus

Answer 33

Socket (Depressions)

Question 34

Fossa

Answer 34

Shallow Basin (Depressions)

Question 35

Fovea

Answer 35

Tiny pit (Depressions)

Question 36

Notch

Answer 36

Indentation on edge (Depressions)

Question 37

Suculus

Answer 37

Narrow grove (Depressions)

Question 38

Canal

Answer 38

Tubular passage (Openings)

Question 39

Fissure

Answer 39

Slit (Openings)

Question 40

Foramen

Answer 40

Hole (Openings)

Question 41

Meatus

Answer 41

Tubelike opening (openings)

Question 42

Sinus

Answer 42

Cavity (Openings.)